Symbosis (Exam 1) Flashcards
(24 cards)
Symbiosis
The study of organisms living together. Sym = together, biosis = living together.
Mutualism
Both organisms in the symbiotic relationship gain some sort of advantage.
Organismic Assoication
These associations occur for food, shelter, and protection.
Intraspecific
The associations that occur within one organism for various reasons.
Interspecific Associations
The interactions that occur between one or two different species or organisms. Ex. Competition, predation, herbivory, parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism.
Competition
The fight for survival in an environment with limited resources.
Predation
The act of consuming a weaker species.
Parasitism
The relationship in which one species benefit and other suffers.
Commensalism
an association between two organisms in which one benefits and the other derives neither benefit nor harm.
Competitive exclusion
One species survives and the
other goes extint
Resource partitioning
The sharing of available resources between two species.
Character displacement
The formation of new traits due to competition.
ex
Darwin’s Finches
Obligate mutualism
Mutualism in which two species are heavily relied on each other. If one dies, the other will not survive.
Faciltate mutulaism
One organism can survive without other. The two organisms are not heavily relied on each other.
Serial Endosymbiosis theory
The invasion of anaerobic prokaryote by another anaerobic prokaryote.
Fungal Theory
The theory that states that the first eukaryote was a fungus that had mitochondria. (Rejected)
Symbiogenesis
The incorporation of symbiotic bacteria by a host cell.
Chloroplast/Plastid Evolution
Evolved by the endosymbiosis of photosynthetic cyanobacteria.
Mitochondrial Evolution
Evolved by the endosymbiosis of aerobic prokaryotes.
How many steps is mitochondrial evolution?
1 step endosymbiosis
How many step is chloroplast evolution?
2 step endosymbiosis, (primary and secondary)
How do bacteria and prokaryotes divide?
Binary Fission
The three traits present in original host cell?
- It was large and had a membrane.
- It could carry out fermentation of sugars.
- It had some sort of ATP generating system.
Which endosymbiotic event occurred first? Endosymbiosis of mitochondria or chloroplast
Endosymbiosis of mitochondria
