Sympatholytic Agents-LM Flashcards

1
Q

What sympatholytic agents interfere with NE release or deplete NE?

A

RESERPINE

Bretylium

Guanadrel

Guanethidine

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2
Q

What are the centrally acting a2 adrenergic agonists?

A

CLONIDINE
METHYLDOPA

guanfacine

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3
Q

What is the mechanism of guanethidine?

Can it enter the CNS?

USE?

A

nUptake I
Displacement & release of NE
Blocks NE release

nHighly charged, does not enter CNS

essential hypertension uncontrolled by other agents
Orthostatic hypotension and other side effects limit usefulness

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4
Q

What is a sympatholytic drug that is a
Antiarrhythmic?

WHat is its mechanism?

What does it treat?

A

Bretylium
blocks NE release
nprolongs ventricular action potential and refractory period

prophylaxis & treatment of V-fib, 2nd line agent

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5
Q

How does reserpine work?

A

Depletes NE by blocking vesicular transporter
ndecreases C.O.- antihypertensive (last choice)

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6
Q

WHat do brain stem a2 receptors effect?

A

Control (inhibit) sympathetic outflow to periphery
Decrease sympathetic tone

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7
Q

WHat is clonidine?

A

a2-adrenergic receptor agonist

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8
Q

WHat effects does clonidine have? Think about administeration route.

A

IV- increase BP (peripheral a2) followed by decreased BP (central a2)
Oral - decreased BP (decreased C.O., preload)
Patch - same as oral

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9
Q

What is the clinical use and side effects of clonidine?

A

Essential hypertension (very little use now)
adjunct for narcotic withdrawal
other off-label uses

ndry mouth, sedation, impotence
nsudden withdrawal causes hypertensive crisis

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10
Q

How does methyldopa act?

what is it converted to?

How is it stored?

what is it the drug of choice for?

A

a2 agonist

methyl-NE

stored in vesicles instead of NE

hypertension in pregnant females

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11
Q

What are
Guanabenz and Guanfacine?

A

Central a2-adrenergic receptor agonists

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12
Q

WHat are they used to treat?

A

like clonidine but less used
Also used to treat tics or Tourette’s syndrome
Sometimes used for behavioral symptoms, such as impulse control disorders.

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