Symptoms

Question 1

watery nasal discharge, mild pyrexia, malaise, sore nose and throat, tiredness, sneezing

Answer 1

coryza

Question 2

frontal headache, facial pain, purulent rhinorrhoea, fever

Answer 2

sinusitis

Question 3

nasal irritation, sneezing, rhinorrhoea, irritated soft palate, wheeze, itchy eyes and ears

Answer 3

seasonal rhinitis

Question 4

loss of taste and smell, nasal blockage, rhinorrhoea

Answer 4

perennial rhinitis

Question 5

sore throat, tonsilar lymph node enlargement, localised endemics of conjunctivitis and fever

Answer 5

pharyngitis

Question 6

hoarseness, croup (barking cough) stridor, progressive airway obstruction

Answer 6

acute laryngotracheobronchitis

Question 7

severe airflow obstruction, high fever

age 2-7

Answer 7

actute epilottitis

Question 8

abrupt fever, severe headache, shivering and aching, sore throat and dry cough

Answer 8

influenza

Question 9

irritating dry cough becoming productive, breathlessness, wheeze, mild fever
COPD

Answer 9

acute bronchitis

Question 10

fever and rigors, pleuritic chest pain, breathlessness, cough (dry or productive), anorexia

Answer 10

pneumonia

Question 11

productive cough, breathlessness, infective exacerbation, wheeze

Answer 11

COPD

Question 12

chest tightness, wheeze, dry cough, breathlessness worse at night

Answer 12

asthma

Question 13

loud snoring, daytime sleepiness, unrefreshed/retless sleep, headache, large neck and tongue, small mandible

obese, COPD, respiratory depressants, narrow pharyngeal opening

Answer 13

OSA

Question 14

productive cough (yellow green sputum that can become haemoptysis), halitosis, recurrent febrile episodes and malaise, clubbing, coarse crackles and pneumonic episodes

Answer 14

bronchiectasis

Question 15

persiting pneumonia, foul sputum, malaise, weight loss, raised inflammatory markers

Answer 15

lung abscess

Question 16

recurrent infections, sinusitis (nasal polyps), breathlessness, haemoptysis, steathorreoa, meconium ileus, malapbsorption, abnormal teenage milestones

Answer 16

CF

Question 17

persistent productive cough (3+ weeks), occaisonal haemoptysis, weight loss, night sweats, fever, fatigue, hoarseness, pleuritic pain

Answer 17

TB

Question 18

erythema nodosum, uveitis, fatigue, weight loss, peripheral lymphadenopathy

Answer 18

sarcoidosis

Question 19

severe rhinorrhoea –> nasal mucosa ulcer, cough, haemoptysis, pleuritic pain, occaisionally involves the skin and nervous system

Answer 19

Wegners granulomatosis

Question 20

rhinitis and asthma, breathlessness, cough, difficulty passing urine, cold peripheries, systemic vasculitis (fever, sweats, fatigue, weight loss, rash)

Answer 20

Churg-Strauss syndrome

Question 21

joint pain, fatigue, skin rash, pleurisy with or without effusion, effusions (small/bilateral), basal pneumonitis (restricted chest movement due to pleural pain

Answer 21

SLE

Systemic lupus erythematosis

Question 22

progressive breathlessness, dry cough, cyanosis, fine bilateral end-inspiratory crackles, clubbing, assoiated with autoimmune disease

Answer 22

IPF

Question 23

fever, malaise, cough, breathlessness, wheeze, coarse end inspiratory crackes, weight loss and IPF features

Answer 23

EAA

Question 24

considerable effort dyspnoea, cough and black sputum

occupational history

Answer 24

coal workers pneumoconiosis

Question 25

progressive breathlessness, clubbing, bilateral basal end-respiratory crackles occupational history

Answer 25

asbestosis

Question 26

sudden onset pleuritic pain, increasing breathlessness, pallor, tachycardia, mediastinal shift

Answer 26

pneumothorax

Question 27

ongoing fever, persistent pneumonic symptoms

Answer 27

empyema

Question 28

breathlessness and sometimes chest pain but rarely

Answer 28

pleural effusion

Question 29

breathlessness, tachypnoea, increasing hypoxaemia, central cyanosis, fine bilateral crackles

Answer 29

ARDS

Question 30

progressive breathlessness, ankle oedema, parasternal heave, tricuspid regurgitation, ECG pattern of RVH

Answer 30

pulmonary hypertension / cor pulmonare

Question 31

sudden breathlessness, sudden chest pain, haemoptysis, tachypniea, fever, pleural rub, raised JVP

Answer 31

PE

Question 32

breathlessness, orthopnoea, leg/abdominal swelling, cough and haemoptysis, pale skin

Answer 32

pulmonary oedema

Question 33

cough, breathlessness, haemoptysis, chest paun ,weheeze, hoarseness, weight loss, dysphagia

Answer 33

lung cancer

Question 34

sweating, headaches, palpitations, breathlessness

Answer 34

hypertension

Question 35

Heavy/tight/gripping chest pain, typically on exertion, radiating to the jaw and/or arms

Answer 35

angina

Question 36

new onset chest pain/chest pain at rest/worsening angina/worst pain ever felt, atypical features of indigestion, pleuritic pain and breathlessness

Answer 36

ACS

Question 37

exertional dyspnoea, orthopneoa, tiredness, pink frothy sputum, cardiomegaly, V hypertrophy, S3 and S4, raised JVP, crackles, pleural effusion, ankle oedema, ascites, hepatomegaly

Answer 37

heart failure

Question 38

Palpitations, Fast/slow/irregular pulse, Dizziness, syncope, Dyspnoea, chest

Answer 38

arrhythmias

Question 39

Breathlessness, fatigue, Ankle swelling, Pansystolic →axilla, Displaced apex

Answer 39

valve disease

Question 40

Asymptomatic until mod-severe, Breathlessness, dizziness, chest pain, Ejection systolic →carotids, Slow-rising pulse, heaving apex

Answer 40

aortic stenosis

Question 41

Breathlessness on exertion, fatigue, Palpitations, malar flush, Mid-diastolic rumbling, tapping apex

Answer 41

mitral stenosis

Question 42

Breathlessness, chest pain, dizziness, Collapsing pulse, Corrigan’s sign, Early diastolic, Displaced apex

Answer 42

aortic regurgitation

Question 43

Breathlessness, fatigue, Fever, weight loss, New/changing heart murmur, Sepsis/embolic events of unknown origin, Clubbing, splinter haemorrhages, Roth spots, Janeway lesions, Osler nodes

Answer 43

infective endocarditis

Question 44

Pain, ulceration, dry skin, Hair loss, Diminished/absent pulses

Answer 44

peripheral vascular disease

Question 45

pain, pallor, paraesthesia (tingling), paralysis, perishing cold (the 5 P’s).

Answer 45

acute lower limb ischaemia

Question 46

Severe pain -> back, hypotension, tachycardia, anaemia, Mimic renal colic, diverticulitis, abdo pain, Pulsatile/expansile abdo mass, Discoloured peripheries

Answer 46

AAA

Question 47

PE like features, calf pain, leg swelling, ankle oedema, cyanotic discoloration

Answer 47

DVT

Question 48

pain, tenderness, redness, swelling in legs

Answer 48

thrombophlebitis

Question 49

Central cyanosis due to right-to-left shunts, pulmonary hypertension from large left-to-right shunts, Clubbing (assoc. with prolonged cyanosis), Paradoxical embolisms (assoc. with patent foramen ovale)

Answer 49

CHD

Question 50

bounding pulse, machine gun murmur

Answer 50

patnet ductus arteriosus

Question 51

Limb weakness on opp. side to infarct, Hemiplagia/hemiparesis, facial weakness, Aphasia (language disorder), Headache, unconsciousness (rare)

Answer 51

stroke

Question 52

Asymptomatic, Chest pain, dyspnoea, syncope, LV outflow obstruction, Double apex pulsation, S4, Jerky carotid pulse, systolic murmur, Hypertrophy affecting IV septum

Answer 52

cardiomyopathies

Question 53

Arrhythmias, heart failure, Thromboembolism

Answer 53

dilated cardiomyopathy

Question 54

Syncope, Ventricular arrhythmias, RHF in later stages

Answer 54

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy

Question 55

Heart failure symptoms, Hepatic enlargement, ascites

Answer 55

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Question 56

Palpitations, Fatigue, dyspnoea, Chest pain, Heart failure

Answer 56

heart failure

Question 57

white patches in the mouth

Answer 57

leukoplakia

Question 58

Heartburn, aggravated by lying down, Regurgitation of food and acid, Nocturnal cough, Waterbrash (excessive salivation)

Answer 58

GORD, barrets oesophagus

Question 59

intermittent dysphagia for both S+L; regurgitation particularly at night; chest pain (spasms)

Answer 59

achalasia

Question 60

Progressive dysphagia, Weight loss (loss of appetite), Chest pain, Hoarse voice, Metastases – direct invasion/lymphatic/vascular

Answer 60

oesophageal cancer

Question 61

Feeling of fullness, bloating, Nausea, vomiting, Weight loss, Abdominal pain

Answer 61

gastroparesis

Question 62

Epigastric pain, Loss of appetite and weight, Vomiting (hematemesis in later stages), Dysphagia

Answer 62

gastric cancer

Question 63

Burning epigastric pain, Loss of appetite and weight, Feeling of fullness, nausea, Dyspepsia, Increased acid production, Reflux symptoms

Answer 63

peptic ulcer disease

Question 64

Haematemesis, coffee-ground vomiting or malaena

Answer 64

upper GI bleed

Question 65

Asymptomatic, non-specific, Diarrhoea, steatorrhoea, Abdominal pain, Mouth ulcers, angular stomatitis, Weight loss, Anxiety and depression

Answer 65

coeliac disease

Question 66

Severe abdominal (colicky) pain, Abdominal distension + tenderness, ↓bowel sounds, Faeculent vomiting

Answer 66

small bowel obstruction

Question 67

painless malaena

Answer 67

meckels diverticulum

Question 68

Epigastric pain -> RIF (McBurney’s point), Anorexia, Nausea, vomiting, Tenderness in RIF, Low-grade fever, Roving’s (pain in RIF when LIF palpated)

Answer 68

Appendicitis

Question 69

Abdominal cramps, Diarrhoea, Weight loss, Painful ulcers, Abscesses

Answer 69

CD

Question 70

Diarrhoea + bleeding + mucus, Increased bowel frequency, Urgency, tenesmus, incontinence, Night rising, Lower abdominal pain (LIF), Weight loss

Answer 70

UC

Question 71

Left-sided abdominal pain, Altered bowel habit, Nausea, Sepsis, PR bleeds

Answer 71

diverticular disease

Question 72

Diarrhoea ± blood, Cramping pain, Dehydration, Weight loss

Answer 72

Colitis

Question 73

change in bowel habit, weight loss, rectal bleeding, tenesmus, anaemia

Answer 73

bowel cancer

Question 74

Bloating, Abdominal pain/discomfort, Increased frequency of toilet visits, Mucus stool, Incomplete emptying

Answer 74

IBS

Question 75

``` Yellow eyes and skin, Hepatosplenomegaly, Ascites, Signs of chronic liver disease (opposite) Xanthelasma/xanthomas Spider naevi, caput medusa Clubbing Duputren’s contracture ```

Answer 75

Jaundice

Question 76

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, Anorexia, weakness, fever, malaise, arthralgia, Hepatosplenomegaly

Answer 76

Hep A More severe = Hep B

Question 77

fatigue, discomfort, myalgia, loss of appetite

Answer 77

Autoimmune hepatitis

Question 78

Jaundice, Lethargy, Itch, Nausea, Pain, Encephalopathy + hypoglycaemia if FHF

Answer 78

acute and fulminant liver failure

Question 79

Jaundice, Nausea, vomiting, Steatorrhoea, Ascites, hepatosplenomegaly, Spider naevi, caput medusa etc.

Answer 79

alcoholic liver disease

Question 80

Itch without a rash, Fatigue, Xanthelasma, Arthralgia, osteoporosis, Hepatosplenomegaly, Jaundice

Answer 80

primary biliary cirrhosis

Question 81

weight loss, abdominal pain, herpatomegaly, lymphadenopathy

Answer 81

liver cancer

Question 82

* Signs of liver disease * Hepatomegaly * Hypothyroidism, joint pain * Slate grey appearance

Answer 82

haemochromatosis

Question 83

Kayser-fleisher rings, signs of liver disease

Answer 83

wilsons disease

Question 84

Asymptomatic • Biliary colic – RUQ colicky pain (± radiation to shoulder) due to impact of stone in cystic duct o Tender RUQ o Nausea, vomiting • Acute cholecystitis – infection of gall bladder due to accumulating bile as a result of impacted stone obstructing the gall bladder o Constant RUQ pain (± radiation to shoulder) o Fever, vomiting o Pyrexia, tenderness, guarding, Murphy’s sign

Answer 84

Gall stones

Question 85

• Pale stools, dark urine • Pruritis • Charcoat’s triad: jaundice, fever, RUQ pain

Answer 85

ascending cholangitis

Question 86

fever, fatigue, RUQ pain, wight loss, pruritus

Answer 86

primary sclerosing cholangitis

Question 87

weight loss, jaundice, anorexia, lethargy

Answer 87

biliary tumours

Question 88

* Severe epigastric pain -> back * Fever, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite * Tachycardia, hypotension * ↓bowel sounds if ileus * Grey Turner’s sign (flank bruising) * Cullen’s sign (periumbilical bruising)

Answer 88

acute pancreatitis

Question 89

Chronic abdominal pain • Steatorrhoea

Answer 89

chronic pancreatitis