Sync Exam 1

Question 1

What are the joints associated with the shoulder complex?

Answer 1

AC

SC

GH

Scapulothoracic

Question 2

What is the resting position (open packed) of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 2

55° abduction

30° horizontal adduction

Question 3

What is the closed packed position of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 3

Full abduction and full lateral rotation

Question 4

What is meant by an open packed position?

Answer 4

Most play in the joint

Question 5

What is the capsular pattern of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 5

Lateral rotation

Abduction

Medial rotation

Question 6

What is a common pathology of the shoulder where the capsule is the culprit?

Answer 6

Adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)

Question 7

What movement is convex on concave in a joint?

Answer 7

Opposite directions

Question 8

What is the movement in the joint of shoulder abduction?

Answer 8

Convex on concave (rolls superiorly, glides inferiorly)

Question 9

What is the movement in the joint of external rotation and extension?

Answer 9

Convex on concave (anterior glide, posterior roll)

Question 10

What is the movement of the shoulder in the joint during internal rotation and flexion?

Answer 10

Convex on concave (posterior glide, anterior roll)

Question 11

What is the resting position of the scapula?

Answer 11

Medial border of scapula is 5 cm from vertebrae

Upward rotation 5-10°

Internally rotated 30-45°

Anteriorly tipped 10-20°

Question 12

What are some things that cause the scapula to not sit normal?

Answer 12

Weakness of muscles (serratus anterior)

Shortened muscles (pec minor)

Question 13

What type of joint is the AC joint?

Answer 13

Planar

Question 14

What type of joint is the SC joint?

Answer 14

Saddle

Question 15

When does the AC joint contribute to movement?

Answer 15

At the end of shoulder motion

Question 16

What direction does the AC joint go in?

Answer 16

Any direction

Question 17

What direction does the SC joint go in?

Answer 17

Elevation (convex on concave)

Protract and retract (concave on convex)

Question 18

What does the clavicle do as a whole when you raise your arm?

Answer 18

Moves superior

Question 19

What is the ROM of shoulder flexion and abduction?

Answer 19

180°
(GH-120°)
(Scapulothroacic-60°)

Question 20

What is the primary muscle activity for shoulder flexion and abduction?

Answer 20

Rotator cuff deltoid force couple

Scapulothoracic force couple

Question 21

What do the rotator cuff muscles do to the humeral head?

Answer 21

Hold it in the glenoid fossa and pull inferiorly

Question 22

What nerve innervates the levator scapulae and rhomboids?

Answer 22

Dorsal scapular nerve

Question 23

What is the action of the levator scapulae and rhomboids on the scapula?

Answer 23

Downward rotation

Question 24

What nerve innervates the serratus anterior?

Answer 24

Long thoracic nerve

Question 25

What is the action of the upper trap, lower trap, and serratus anterior?

Answer 25

Raises the arm (shoulder abduction)

Question 26

What is a primary impingement?

Answer 26

Due to anatomy (hooked acromion)

Question 27

What is a secondary impingement injury?

Answer 27

Weakness of rotator cuff Scapula position

Question 28

What movement must occur in the scapula to avoid pinching under the acromion?

Answer 28

Upward rotation

Question 29

Why does a rotator cuff tear lead to an impingement?

Answer 29

Humerus head is not being pulled down and has increased superior glide

Question 30

What is a common disorder that comes along with adhesive capsulitis?

Answer 30

Diabetes

Question 31

What are the stages of adhesive capsulitis?

Answer 31

Pre-freezing stage Freezing stage Frozen stage Thawing stage

Question 32

What is the pre-freezing stage?

Answer 32

Limited ROM and pain at 0-3 months

Question 33

What is the freezing stage?

Answer 33

Severely restricted ROM and pain at 3-9 months

Question 34

What is the frozen stage?

Answer 34

Severe stiffness and minimal pain at 9-15 months

Question 35

What is the thawing stage?

Answer 35

Improving ROM and minimal pain

Question 36

How does the clavicle glide on the sternum during scapular elevation?

Answer 36

Inferiorly

Question 37

A patient has OA and degeneration on their ACJ which causes pain to occur with compressive loads, which position would most likely provoke these symptoms?

Answer 37

90° abduction

Question 38

What is affected when someone gets a + sulcus sign (limits inferior translation)?

Answer 38

Superior GH ligament

Question 39

What is the best treatment option for someone with adhesive capsulitis?

Answer 39

Corticosteroid injection combined with PT

Question 40

What are some tests used to assess shoulder pain?

Answer 40

SPADI and DASH (higher score=higher disability)