Synovial Fluid Flashcards
viscous liquid found in the cavities of the movable joints
Synovial fluid/ joint fluid
The synovial membrane contains specialized cells called
Synoviocytes
macrophage-like cells located in the superficial layer of the synovial membrane
Type A cells
play an important role in phagocytosis.
Type A cells
fibroblast-like cells with prominent endoplasmic reticulum
Type B cells
reduce friction between the bones during joint movement
smooth articular cartilage and synovial fluid
formed as an ultrafiltrate of plasma across the synovial membrane.
Synovial fluid
synoviocytes secrete a mucopolysaccharide containing
hyaluronic acid and a small amount of protein
Damage to the articular membranes produces pain and stiffness in the joints, collectively referred to as a
arthritis.
Synovial fluid is collected from a joint by needle aspiration
Arthrocentesis
Volume Normal Synovial Fluid Values
<3.5 mL
Color Normal Synovial Fluid Values
Colorless to pale yellow
Clarity Normal Synovial Fluid Values
Clear
Viscosity Normal Synovial Fluid Values
High; Able to form a string
4-6 cm long
Leukocyte count Normal Synovial Fluid Values
<200 cells/uL
Neutrophils count Normal Synovial Fluid Values
<25% of the differential
Glucose: plasma difference Normal Synovial Fluid Values
<10 mg/dI lower than the blood
glucose level
Total protein Normal Synovial Fluid Values
<3 g/dL
Lactate Normal Synovial Fluid Values
<25.0 mg/dL
Tube 1
Red stopper tube chemical or immunologic analysis.
Tube 3
Sodium heparin (green), sodium polyanethol sulfonate (yellow stopper) for microbiological studies.
Synovial fluid viscosity comes from
polymerization of the hyaluronic acid
Hyaluronate polymerization can be measured using a
Ropes, or mucin clot test.
group 1
Non inflammatory
