Syntax

Question 1

Conjunction

Answer 1

words that join words, phrases, or clauses

Question 2

Coordinating conjunctions

Answer 2

1. join words, phrases, or clauses of equal rank
2. fanboys
3. conjunctive adverbs behave this way, except they need supporting punctuation beyond a comma

Question 3

Subordinating conjunctions

Answer 3

1. join clauses of unequal rank

2. examples: after, although, because, if, since, though, when, where

Question 4

Correlative conjuctions

Answer 4

1. conjuctions used in pairs

2. ex. both & and, either &or, neither & nor

Question 5

But

Answer 5

1. a coordinating conjunction
2. joins parts of equal rank
3. results in a ‘compound sentence’

Question 6

compound sentence

Answer 6

two or more equivalent parts

Question 7

However

Answer 7

1. conjunctive adverb
2. modifies one independent clause as it joins it to another independent clause
3. joins parts of equal rank
4. semicolon is needed
5. resluts in a compound sentence

Question 8

Although

Answer 8

1. subordinating conjunction
2. makes a clause dependent
3. joins parts of unequal rank
4. parts that begin with although cannot stand alone
5. results in ‘complex sentence’

Question 9

Adverbs

Answer 9

modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs

Question 10

Answer questions like How? In what way? Under what conditions? When? Where?

Answer 10

adverbs

Question 11

How can we organize adverbs by

Answer 11

morphology

Question 12

Primary adverbs

Answer 12

1. oldest adverbs
2. come from old english
3. not formed via derivation

Question 13

oldest adverbs

Answer 13

here, now, since, then, there, thus, where

Question 14

Derivative adverb

Answer 14

1. add a suffix (ex. angrily, weekly)

2. add a prefix (ahead, indeed

Question 15

Phrase adverb

Answer 15

by and by, hand in hand, in short, now and then

Question 16

flat adverb

Answer 16

are not distinguished from morphologically identical adjectives (ex. bright, deep, fair)

Question 17

How can we organize adverbs

Answer 17

by meaning

Question 18

different meanings of adverbs

Answer 18

1. time
2. place and direction
3. manner
4. degree
5. cause or reason
6. modal

Question 19

time

Answer 19

now, tomorrow, first, next, once

Question 20

place and direction

Answer 20

above, below, here, there, everywhere

Question 21

manner

Answer 21

whole-heartedly, faintheartedly, heartlessly

Question 22

degree

Answer 22

far, almost, much, enough, just, completely, exactly

Question 23

cause or reason

Answer 23

consequently, therefore, then

Question 24

modal

Answer 24

yes, no, maybe, never, perhaps

Question 25

How else can we organize adverbs by

Answer 25

function

Question 26

adverb functions

Answer 26

1. simple | 2. complex

Question 27

simple adverbs

Answer 27

sole function is to limit, describe, or qualify verbs, adjectives, and adverbs

Question 28

complex adverbs

Answer 28

1. modify words plus some other sentence work

Question 29

types of complex adverbs

Answer 29

1. conjuctive 2. exlamatory 3. interrogative

Question 30

conjunctive complex adverb

Answer 30

modify and join clauses and sentences | ex. however, therefore

Question 31

exclamatory complex adverb

Answer 31

modify and introduce an exclamation | ex. how rich will we be

Question 32

Interrogative complex adverb

Answer 32

modify and introduce a question | ex. how are we getting there?

Question 33

Special focus on conjunctive adverbs

Answer 33

they need a semi-colon because they don't subordinate the clause they start (they can be used in independent sentences

Question 34

ex. of conjuctive adverbs

Answer 34

"I think you're a lot of fun to be around; however, I'm still turning you in."

Question 35

adjectives (and determiners)

Answer 35

describe or modify a noun or a noun equivalent

Question 36

words that answer questions like Which one? How many? What kind?

Answer 36

adjectives and determiners

Question 37

How we organize adjectives (and determiners)

Answer 37

simple or compound

Question 38

Simple adjectives (and determiners

Answer 38

ex. in 'sweet bread,' 'sweet' is simple | in 'sweet buttery bread,' both 'sweet' and 'buttery' are simple

Question 39

compound adjectives

Answer 39

ex. 'sweet-hearted' boy 'friendly-looking' student the astronaut, who is well know, lives here

Question 40

How we organize adjectives

Answer 40

1. descriptive adjectives | 2. determiners

Question 41

descriptive adjectives

Answer 41

point out qualities, characterize, describe, etc. | ex. red sweater, proud parents

Question 42

determiners

Answer 42

quantify, limit, number, specify | ex. three bears, some day, that boy

Question 43

the three articles (a, an, and the) are determiners

Answer 43

1. 'a' and 'an' are indefinite articles | 2. 'the' is the definite article

Question 44

how can we also organize adjectives according to

Answer 44

their degree of comparision

Question 45

adjective degree of comparison

Answer 45

1. positive 2. comparative 3. superlative 4. no comparision allowed

Question 46

positive adjectives

Answer 46

good, bad, old, clear, fun, curious

Question 47

comparative adjectives

Answer 47

better, worse, older, clearer, more fun, more curious

Question 48

superlative

Answer 48

best, worst, oldest, clearest, most fun, most curious

Question 49

no comparison allowed (due to the relational meaning of the word)

Answer 49

superior, inferior, junior, senior, prior

Question 50

Where do most adjectives come from or are derived from

Answer 50

other parts of speech

Question 51

using nouns directly as adjectives

Answer 51

August sun, morning sky, phone charger

Question 52

using adverbs directly as adjectives

Answer 52

this very day, down payment

Question 53

through derivation, we can make adjectives out of other parts of speech

Answer 53

lonely, sugary, mirthless, optional

Question 54

suffixes are added before prefixes

Answer 54

1. 'hopeful' must be created before 'unhopeful' can be created 2. 'poetic' must be created before 'unpoetic' can be created