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System Components Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

-ring /donut shaped
Aperture (internal opening / center) : 70-90cm
Can be tilted forward & backward
Has a laser light for positioning
Control panel on sides (can also be in control console)
Contains : embedded microphone and speaker

A

Gantry

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2
Q

Control panel of gantry controls:

A

Alignment of lights
Tilt of gantry
Table movement of gantry

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3
Q

Gantry houses imaging components:

A

Slip ring s
Xrt
High voltage generator
Collimators
Detectors

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4
Q

Other than ct what are other machines that also have their generators inside

A

Portable xray

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5
Q

Muo: carbon fiber

A

Patient table or couch

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6
Q

Why carbon fiber

A

Lightweight (to not absorb or attenuate much of the xrays)
Strong and rigid
Best material
Provide comfort

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7
Q

2 division of xray system

A

Generator
CT scan xray tube

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8
Q

Uses 3 phase power for the efficient production of xrays
Located inside the gantry
The voltage ripple from a high frequency generator is 1%

A

Generator

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9
Q

Generator of ct before

A

High voltage generator
- generator was outside before

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10
Q

Generator of ct now and its benefits

A

High frequency generator
-small
-comoact
-more efficient

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11
Q

Problem w ct generator before

A

Can’t rotate normally due to wiring of cables and generator outside

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12
Q

Fluctuations of current after being rectified

A

Voltage ripple

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13
Q

Current in xray system

A

Direct current
(always in one direction)
Never in Ac cuz it can cause tube failure and no efficiency of xray production

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14
Q

Ac to dc

A

Rectified

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15
Q

Momentarily stores energy

A

Capacitor

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16
Q

Permits gantry to rotate continuously eliminating the need to straighten turned system cable

Use a brush-like apparatus = to provide continuous electric power

A

Slip ring

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17
Q

Component of tube enclosure of ct scan xrt

A

Metal instead of glass
Cuz of electrical arcing

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18
Q

Component fo glass enclosures

A

Borosilicate

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19
Q

Explain electrical arcing

A

When there’s too much heat - that damages or melts the target material - which will vaporate - as tube also rotates it will splatter around the xr and can attach to the enclosure = as cathode continues to produce electrons - electricity flow or induced current would be distracted will it go to the filament or the follow material of the target was melted ===tube arcing / tube failure

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20
Q

Consists of tungsten filaments positioned in a focusing cup

A

Cathode assembly

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21
Q

Muo: barium
Coil of wire
Fx: absorbs gas in a vacuum cud the presence of gas decreases efficiency of tube / xray production cuz it interfered flow of electrons

Study These Flashcards
A

Internal getter

22
Q

Appearance of Barium

Study These Flashcards
A

Not pressured or is contaminated = WHITE
Vaccuum maintained =silver

23
Q

Anode assembly consists

Study These Flashcards
A

Disk
Rotor stud
Hub
Rotor
Bearing assembly

24
Q

Small target angle around 12 deg

Study These Flashcards
A

Anode assembly

25
Small focal spot = higher spatial resolution
Cuz it limits the size of the usable xray field Anode heel effect - angulated therefore less surface exposed
26
Relevance of fast xray tube / high rotational anode
= heat dissipation is not concentrated on 1 area / for cooling
27
CT XRT uses?
Ceramic insulator - so it would not involve the current on the cathode side So that if you touch the xrt you won't be electrocuted
28
Uses thicker (5cm) larger diameter anode disk (200mm)
Ct xrt So that if projectile electrons Hit the focal spot the heat will be shared on the external structure (heat transfer by conduction)
29
Energy transfers
Conduction Induction Convection
30
3 basic designs of anode disk
All metal disk design Braced graphite anode disk Chemical vapor deposition
31
Base bodies of all metal like design
Titanium Zirxonium Molybdenum
32
Focal track layer
10% rhenium 90% tungsten
33
Advantage and disadvantage of all metal disk design
Adv: quick heat transfer Disad: heavy weight (can't rotate efficiently)
34
BASE BODY of Braced graphite anode disk
Majority graphite (10x higher heat capacity(ability to absorb heat) than tungsten)
35
FOCAL TRACK LATER of Braced graphite anode disk
Tungsten rhenium
36
Advantage of Braced graphite anode dism
High heat storage capacity Faster anode cooling
37
BASE BODY of chemical vapor deposition graphite disk
Graphite
38
FOCAL TRACK of chemical vapor deposition graphite disk
TUNGSTEN - RHENIUM can accommodate large, lightweight disks w/ large heat storage capacity
39
Helps reduce the radiation dose to the patient and Improves image quality
Filtration
40
Purpose of filtration
Removed long wavelength (lowenergy) xrays Shares the energy distribution across the radiation beam by using shaped filter
41
Controls slice thickness Restricts xr beam to specific area
Collimator
42
2 types of Collimators
Prepatient Collimators Postpatient Collimators
43
Determine rad dose profile and pt rad dose
Prepatient /Postpatient source Collimator
44
Determine sensitivity profile and improves image contrast Higher tendency of scatter after passing thru the patient
Predetector Collimator
45
Lighter than peripheral cuz head is thicker Peripheral or sides is dark cuz not the same thickness Homogenous beam Eliminate scatter
Bow tie filter
46
Capture the rad Beam from pt and convert it into electrical signals, which are subsequently converted into binary coded information
Ct detector
47
2 types of Detectors accdg, to material
Xenon gas detector Solid-state crystal detector
48
Adv: ability to remain stable under pressure, cheaper, easier to calibrate Disadv: xenon gas must be kept under pressure in an aluminum casing
Xenon has detector
49
Adv: higher absorption coefficient (100%)(xenon - 60-87%) Disadv: sensitive to fluctuatkonin temperature & moisture
Solid-state crystal detector (scintillating detectors
50
Composition of solistate detector
-cadmium tungstate Bismuth germinate Cesium iodide Gadolinium or yttrium

CT (3 decks)

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