SYSTEMIC PATHO

Question 1

A bleeding from nasal passage due to trauma, neoplasm and ulcerative lesions as a result of infection.

Answer 1

Epistaxis

Question 2

Blood comes from mouth, saliva or sputum

Answer 2

Hemoptysis

Question 3

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa, may be caused by infections or allergies

Answer 3

Rhinitis

Question 4

This is present in certain infectious diseases such as strangles, influenza and glanders of horses, and distemper in dog.

Answer 4

Acute Rhinitis

Question 5

Types of Exudate

Answer 5

1. Serous
2. Catarrhal
3. Fibrinous
4. Purulent
5. Granulomatous

Question 6

Increased secretion of submucosal glands

Answer 6

Serous

Question 7

Goblet cell hyperplasia and excessive production mucus.

Answer 7

Catarrhal

Question 8

Altered vascular permeability and exudation (escape) of fibrin.

Answer 8

Fibinous

Question 9

Chemotaxis for polymorphonuclear leukocytes/pus.

Answer 9

Purulent

Question 10

Granuloma/fibrosis/polyps

Answer 10

Granulomatous

Question 11

An equine disease characterized by purulent (suppurative) rhinitis and regional lymphadenitis with formation of abscesses.

Answer 11

Strangles (Streptococcus equi)

Question 12

A commonly involved in feline rhinitis-sinusitis

Answer 12

Feline Rhinotracheitis (FHV-1)

Question 13

Inflammation of sinuses

Answer 13

Sinusitis

Question 14

Inflammation of the larynx

Answer 14

Laryngitis

Question 15

Also called “Calf Diphtheria”, is common in feedlots, predominantly in calves, usually >3 months old.

Answer 15

Necrotic laryngitis

Question 16

Means leather, due to the type of exudate that forms.

Answer 16

Diphtheria

Question 17

Inflammation of trachea

Answer 17

Tracheitis

Question 18

Other Disease Involved larynx and trachea

Answer 18

• Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR)
• Calf Diphtheria fusiformis necrophorus.
• Feline viral rhinotracheitis

Question 19

Inflammation of the bronchi, characterized by catarrhal, suppurative, fibrinous or hemorrhagic exudate.

Answer 19

Bronchitis

Question 20

An acute or chronic inflammation of the trachea and bronchial airways; it may also extend into the lungs.

Answer 20

Tracheobronchitis

Question 21

Inflammation of bronchioles

Answer 21

Bronchiolitis

Question 22

Narrowing of lumen

Answer 22

Stenosis (Bronchi+bronchioles= stenosis)

Question 23

Narrowing of lumen

Answer 23

Stenosis (bronchi + bronchioles= stenosis)

Question 24

Continued over-stretching of the alveolar walls

Answer 24

Emphysema

Question 25

A condition where lungs collapse partially or completely.

Answer 25

Atelectasis

Question 26

Dilatation of bronchi and bronchioles

Answer 26

Bronchiectasis

Question 27

Repeated coughing continuous over-stretching of the alveolar walls over-dilatation of bronchioles

Answer 27

Chronic bronchitis

Question 28

The failure of alveoli to open or the alveoli are collapsed and thus do not have air, may affect a part of lobe or two or all of one lung.

Answer 28

Atelectasis

Question 29

Types of Atelectasis

Answer 29

1. Resorption Atelectasis 2. Compression Atelectasis 3. Contraction Atelectasis

Question 30

The increase in amount of air in lungs characterized by over dilation of the alveoli. It may be acute or chronic and focal or generalized.

Answer 30

Emphysema

Question 31

Two major forms of pulmonary emphysema occur in the lungs

Answer 31

1. Alveolar (vascular) emphysema 2. Interstitial (interlobular) emphysema

Question 32

several conditions in which enlargement of airspaces is not accompanied by destruction

Answer 32

overinflation.

Question 33

The alveoli are distended by excessive amounts of air pressure and often times rupture.

Answer 33

Alveolar (Vascular) emphysema

Question 34

Excessive air accumulates in the sub- pleural, interstitial, and interlobular regions of the lungs.

Answer 34

Interstitial (interlobular) emphysema

Question 35

accumulation of serous fluid in alveoli of lungs.

Answer 35

PULMONARY EDEMA

Question 36

is the inflammation of pleura characterized by serous, fibrinous or purulent exudate. It is also known as pleurisy.

Answer 36

PLEURITIS

Question 37

Is the presence of gas or air in the thorax cavity.

Answer 37

Pneumothorax

Question 38

accumulation of abnormal quantities of transudate (serous fluid) in thoracic cavity.

Answer 38

Hydrothorax

Question 39

is the presence of free blood in thoracic cavity.

Answer 39

Hemothorax

Question 40

is the presence of purulent material filled in thorax cavity.

Answer 40

Pyothorax

Question 41

is the presence of free lymph (chyle) in the thorax and it is caused by rupture of a major lymphatic duct of thorax cavity.

Answer 41

Chylothorax

Question 42

inflammation of the lung caused by bacteria, in which the air sacs (alveoli) become filled with inflammatory cells and the lungs become solid

Answer 42

PNEUMONIA

Question 43

Stages of Pneumonia

Answer 43

1. Congestion 2. Red hepatization 3. Grey hepatization 4. Resolution

Question 44

This phase represents the acute inflammatory response to bacterial infection.

Answer 44

Congestion

Question 45

This stage is "characterized by the presence of many erythrocytes, neutrophils, desquamated epithelial cells, and fibrin within the alveoli

Answer 45

Red Hepatization

Question 46

This stage is "characterized by the presence of many erythrocytes, neutrophils, desquamated epithelial cells, and fibrin within the alveoli"

Answer 46

Red Hepatization

Question 47

The lung appears "gray-brown to yellow because of fibrinopurulent exudates, disintegration of red cells, and hemosiderin"

Answer 47

Grey Hepatization

Question 48

Characterized by the "resorption and restoration of the pulmonary architecture"

Answer 48

Resolution