systems: icing

Question 1

TKS liquid

Answer 1

made of 85% ethylene glycol, 10% water, 5% isopropyl alcohol
it is flammable!
freezing point depressant (lowers the freezing point of water when added to it)
is both de-icing (reactive) and anti-icing (preventive)

Question 2

TKS stands for…

Answer 2

Tecalemit-Kilfrost-Shreepbridge Stokes

Question 3

TKS distribution levels

Answer 3

OFF
NORM
HIGH
MAX

Question 4

TKS NORM

Answer 4

main pumps supply fluid for 30 sec, then 90 sec break
conditions: prior to entering, trace, light
endurance: 2.5 hours

Question 5

TKS HIGH

Answer 5

1 main pump runs continuously
conditions: moderate
endurance: 1 hour

Question 6

DEICE LVL LO

Answer 6

alert on G1000
activates when 22 min remaining on HIGH or 45 min remaining on NORM

Question 7

TKS MAX

Answer 7

both main pumps run simultaneously and continuously
conditions: significant ice accumulation, severe
endurance: 30 minutes

Question 8

other TKS considerations

Answer 8

can only remove small amounts, VERY good at PREVENTING formation
flight into severe icing or freezing rain/drizzle NOT permitted (must exit IMMEDIATELY)
speed restrictions: 121-160 knots
any ice accumulation… autopilot OFF

Question 9

pitot & stall heat

Answer 9

stall warning is heated (disabled on ground via squat switch)
pitot tube & static port is heated

Question 10

air distribution

Answer 10

6 air distribution nozzles:
2 on instrument panel
2 on overhead panel
2 in passenger compartment
can change direction and intensity

Question 11

heating

Answer 11

each engine has identical heating system
warm engine coolant heat an heat exchanger
ram air passes through heat exchanger
warm air is ducted into cabin footwells
left engine heat -> canopy defrost vents
right engine heat -> footwells