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Systems Level Of CNS Flashcards

1
Q

What is included in the PNS

A

Anything that lies outside he skull and spine

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2
Q

What are the divisions of the PNS

A

Somatic
Autonomic

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3
Q

What is the somatic division of the PNS

A

The somatic division interacts with the external environment

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4
Q

What is the autonomic division of the PNS

A

Afferents nerves

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5
Q

What does the cervical region of the spinal cord control

A

Head
Neck
Diaphragm
Arms
Hands

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6
Q

What does the thoracic nerve region of the spinal cord supply

A

Chest muscles
Breathing
Abdominal muscles

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7
Q

What do the lumber nerve region control

A

Legs and feet

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8
Q

What does the sarcral nerve region control off the spinal cord

A

Bowel and bladder control
Sexual function

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9
Q

What is included in the forebrain

A

Telencephalon- cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, limbic system
Diencephalon- Thalamus and hypothalamus

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10
Q

What is part of the midbrain

A

Mesencephalon- Tegmentum, tectum

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11
Q

What is the hind brain composed of

A

Metencephalon- pons and cerebellum

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12
Q

What is found in the myelencephalon

A

Medulla

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13
Q

What is the role of the medulla

A

The medulla contracts carrying signals between the rest of the body

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14
Q

What vital functions is the medulla responsible for

A

Sleep
Weakness
Motor plant- movement, maintenance of muscle tone, various cardiac, circulatory, respiratory, excretory reflexes

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15
Q

What is the role of the pons

A

The pons is part of the brainstem known as the bridge which relays information from the cortex and midbrain to the cerebellum

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16
Q

What is the role of the peri aqueductal gray

A

Has a role in defensive behaviour, pain and reproduction

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17
Q

What is the tegmentum made up of

A

The periaqueductal gray
The red nucleus
Substantia nigra

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18
Q

What is the role of the red nucleus

A

It has a role in pre-cortical motor control especially within the arms and legs

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19
Q

Where do projections from the red nucleus of the tegmentum

A

Towards the spinal cord

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20
Q

What is the substantia nigra part of

A

The basal ganglia

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21
Q

What makes up the diencephalon

A

The thalamus and hypothalamus

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22
Q

What is the role of the thalamus

A

The thalamus is a rely structure which relays information from the basal ganglia and cerebellum back to the cortex of the forebrain

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23
Q

What is the role of the specific nuclei of the thalamus

A

This relays signals to cortex/limbic system for all sensations but smell

24
Q

What is the role of the non-specific nuclei of the thalamus

A

This has a role in regulating state of sleep and wakefulness and levels of arousal

25
What is the role of the hypothalamus
The hypothalamus regulates the pituitary gland which regulates hormonal secretion. It has a role in hormonal control of motivated behaviour Has roles associated with hunger, thirst, temperature, pain, pleasure and sex
26
What is included in the sub cortical portion of the cerebral cortex
Basal ganglia Limbic system
27
What is the basal ganglia
The basal ganglia is a group of structures thought to be involved with motor function
28
What is the limbic system
The limbic system is a group of structures involved in emotion, motivation and emotional association with memory
29
What does the limbic system influence
The limbic system influences the formation of memory by integrating emotional states with stored memories of physical sensations
30
What structures fall into the limbic system
Amygdala Hippocampus Fornix Cingulate gyrus Septum Mammillary body
31
What is the role of the amygdala
The amygdala is involved in associating sensory stimuli with emotional impact
32
What is the role of the mammillary body
This is important for the formation of recollective memory-amnesia
33
What is the hippocampus involved in
In it involved in long term memory and spatial memory
34
What is the septum involved in
Involved in defence and aggression
35
What is the cingulate gyrus also known as
Limbic cortex
36
What is the cingulate gyrus linked to
Behavioural outcomes to motivation and autonomic control
37
What is the role of the fornix
The fornix carries signals from the hippocampus to the mammillary bodies and septal nucleus
38
What are the cortical lobes of the cerebral cortex made up of
Grey matter (6 layers) White matter
39
What does the frontal lobe contain
Precentral gyrus Primary motor cortex Premotor and supplementary motor areas
40
What is the role of the precentral gyrus
The precentral gyrus has motor instructions for fine motor control that are sent to the muscles controlling the hands and feet
41
What does the primary motor cortex contain and what is its role
The primary motor cortex contains many of the cells giving origin to the descending motor pathways It is involved in the initiation of voluntary movements
42
What is the pre motor and supplementary motor areas involved in
The pre motor and supplementary areas are involved in higher level motor plans and the initiation of voluntary movements
43
What is the frontal lobe involved in
The frontal lobe is involved in Executive planning- judgemental roles, emotional modulation Working memory- short term information Control of behaviour that depends upon context or setting
44
What is the pre-frontal cortex involved in
The pre-frontal cortex is involved in generating sophisticated behavioural options that are mindful of consequences
45
What does the parietal lobe contain
The post central gyrus
46
What is the post central gyrus involved in
Receiving sensations from the rest of the body
47
What is found in the parietal lobe
Primary somatosensory cortex
48
What is the primary somatosensory cortex involved in
It is involved in maintains representation of the body’s and of the heads position in space Complicated spatial-temporal predictions eg- catching something when you are moving
49
What does the temporal lobe contain
The primary auditory cortex and inferotemporal cortex
50
What is the inferotemporal cortex involved with
Recognition of faces and objects
51
What does the temporal lobe play a role in
Integrating sensory information from various parts of the body It is the interface between the cortex and the limbic system so has an association of affect/emotion with things
52
What does the occipital lobe contain
It contains visual cortices
53
What are the 2 streams found in the occipital lobe
The dorsal stream and ventral stream
54
What is the dorsal stream
The dorsal stream shows vision for movement in terms of where it is in relation to us
55
What is the ventral stream
The ventral stream is associated with vision for identification, in terms of what does it mean to us

Neuro (17 decks)

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