T1Qs Flashcards
Week 4 (20 cards)
The study of biological mechanisms that guide whether or not certain genes get expressed or activated is called; a. eugenics b. meta-genetics c. bio0genetics d. epigenetics
d. epigenetics
Research shows that ____
is an effective strategy for increasing tendencies to view
people as unique individuals, as similar to ourselves, and to like them. a. participating in intergreup competitions
b. stereotyping people according to superordinate rather than subordinate identities
c. describing people in agentic rather than communal traits
d. considering the multiple subgroups that people belong to
d. considering the multiple subgroups that people belong to
While on average women are rated more highly than men on traits such as _____, men are rated more highly on ____.
a. kindness; assertiveness
b. effectiveness; competitiveness
c. emotional sensitivity; cooperativeness
d. competence; agreeableness
a. kindness; assertiveness
Which of the following BEST represents an intersectional perspective?
a. studying how women are affected by sexism
b. researching Black women’s experiences of both racism and sexism
c. examining differences between women and men
d. examining how young men are impacted by ageism
b. researching Black women’s experiences of both racism and sexism
Researchers have found the size of sex difference in reading ability correlates with ____.
a. national indices of gender equality
b. the size of sex differences in math abilities) c. age
d. indicators of women’s health
a. national indices of gender equality
Experimental methods in gender research can be especially challenging because ___.
a. sex and gender identity cannot be easily or ethically manipulated
b. the independent and dependent variables are difficult to operationalize
c. self-report measures of gender identity are especially unreliable
d. the field is more prone to bias than other social science research
a. sex and gender identity cannot be easily or ethically manipulated
Which of the following is one of Deaux and Lewis’s (1984) proposed four components of gender stereotypes?
a. verbal characteristics
b. physical appearance
c. physical abilities
d. intelligence
b. physical appearance
What is a ‘spandrel’?
a. A phenotypic trait that is a byproduct of excessive testosterone exposure in the womb.
b. A genetic abnormality that results in an advantage for one sex over the other.
c. A phenotypic trait that is a byproduct of the evolution of some other characteristic, rather than a direct product of adaptive selection (e.g., navigation in males).
d. Any genetic abnormality that results in ambiguous genitalia.
c. A phenotypic trait that is a byproduct of the evolution of some other characteristic, rather than a direct product of adaptive selection (e.g., navigation in males).
What comments regarding the underrepresentation of women in science– made by former Harvard president, Lawrence Summers–sparked controversy at a 2005 conference, ultimately leading to his resignation?
a.that women are socialized to pursue more communal occupations
b. that men have greater natural aptitudes at the highest levels of math and science
c. that women are less competitive and thus less likely to excel at the highest levels of science
d. that sexism is virtually nonexistent in modern society
b. that men have greater natural aptitudes at the highest levels of math and science
According to Yee Won Chong in ‘Beyond the Gender Binary”, which of the following is NOT one of the tips they provide for being a good ally to non-binary conforming friends?
a. Offer to attend doctor’s appointments and other potentially uncomfortable meetings with your non-binary conforming friend.
b. Assume everyone knows what bathroom they are in.
c. Consider whether the question you are about to ask is something you would be comfortable answering for yourself.
d. Do not tolerate anti-transgender remarks or humor.
e. Do not assume everyone goes by he/she. Instead, use their name or preferred pronouns (if known).
a. Offer to attend doctor’s appointments and other potentially uncomfortable meetings with your non-binary conforming friend.
Which of the following is the most likely the explanation of the evidence presented by MacNell and colleagues’ (2015) study on gender bias in teaching evaluations?
a. Bias in evaluations favoring men is mainly driven by the attitudes of male students.
b. Individualistic, Western culture increases gender bias in teaching evaluations favouring men.
c. Instructor evaluations are biased by gender stereotypes outside of students’ awareness.
d. Gender bias in teaching evaluations is driven by explicit, conscious sexism.
c. Instructor evaluations are biased by gender stereotypes outside of students’ awareness.
Which of the following best represents the order of the scientific process?
a. generate hypothesis → study design → collection and analysis - disseminate results
b. study design → generate hypothesis → disseminate results → collection and analysis
c. generate hypothesis → replicate → collection and analysis→study design
d. study design → collection and analysis → generate hypothesis - disseminate results
a. generate hypothesis → study design → collection and analysis - disseminate results
Which of the following is TRUE of the history of acceptance of nonbinary categories of sex and gender in Western cultures?
a. Nine U.S. states recognize a nonbinary gender status on driver’s licenses.
b. Western cultures have historically been more open to nonbinary gender options than non-Western cultures.
c. Australia remains the only developed nation to recognize a third gender option.
d. In Western cultures, people who are born intersex are typically assigned to a third gender category.
a. Nine U.S. states recognize a nonbinary gender status on driver’s licenses.
Psychologists at the end of the 19th century attempted to make a scientific case for women’s intellectual inferiority based upon what questionable assumption?
a. The mass and volume of the brain reflects differences in intelligence.
b. Testosterone is linked to neural development.
c. Emotions interfere with abstract reasoning and logical deduction.
d. There is more variance in men’s intelligence, leading to higher proportions of men in the tail ends of the distribution.
a. The mass and volume of the brain reflects differences in intelligence.
Which of the following have researchers found as a downside or limitation of the
“women-are-wonderful effect?”
a. Men are more liked than women because of their stereotyped agency.
b. Men are perceived as more moral because of their stereotyped agency.
c. Working-class women are stereotyped as lower in both communion and agency than middle-class women.
d. Nontraditional women are stereotyped as more warm relative to other social groups.
c. Working-class women are stereotyped as lower in both communion and agency than middle-class women.
Which of the following chromosomal conditions is typically represented with a female gender identity, fertile, taller than average, and female-typical anatomy and an increased risk for learning disabilities?
a. Triple X syndrome
b. Klinefelter syndrome
c. Jacob’s syndrome
d. Turner’s syndrome
a. Triple X syndrome
Which of the following accurately describes science?
a. The range of topics covered by scientists is narrow.
b. Repeating experiments over again is a key step in conducting science.
c. It most heavily emphasizes evidence that is consistent with theory.
d. It is defined more by its contents than by its methods.
b. Repeating experiments over again is a key step in conducting science.
What does it mean to be ‘cis’ gender?
a. When one’s assigned birth sex and gender identity align.
b. When one’s sexual orientation is different from their assigned birth sex.
c. When one’s gender identity and gender expression do not align with the assigned birth sex.
d. When one’s gender identity and gender expression align with the assigned birth sex.
d. When one’s gender identity and gender expression align with the assigned birth sex.
The complex series of processes that unfolds as embryos transition into an individual with male, female, or intersex genitalia is called ____.
a. sex differentiation
b. genderization
c. sex selection
d. gender assignment
a. sex differentiation
What are the three major classes of steroid hormones produced by the gonads?
a. estrogens, progestins, and androgens.
b. estradiol, progesterone, and androgens
c. glucocorticoids, androgens and estrogens
d. glucocorticoids, androgens, and testosterone
a. estrogens, progestins, and androgens.
