T2: Why did dissent grow and survive?

Question 1

what happened to the press during the CW, what was the effect on dissent?

Answer 1

relative freedom of the press - new ideas spread and stimulated more radical preaching

Question 2

what was the effect of the NMA on dissent in the CW?

Answer 2

spread radical ideas around the country

Question 3

what were radical ministers able to do in the CW?

Answer 3

take on parish responsibilities in towns sympathetic to Parliament - could establish groups and recruit

Question 4

when was the Corporation Act?

Answer 4

1661

Question 5

when was the Act of Uniformity

Answer 5

1662

Question 6

when was the Conventicle Act?

Answer 6

1664

Question 7

when was the Five Mile Act?

Answer 7

1665

Question 8

when was the Quaker Scare?

Answer 8

1659

Question 9

what was the Quaker Scare?

Answer 9

several Quaker leaders executed by authorities

Question 10

when was the Quaker Act?

Answer 10

1662

Question 11

what was the Quaker Act?

Answer 11

allowed Quakers to be arrested and asked to swear Oath of Allegiance

Question 12

what was the result of the Quaker Act?

Answer 12

many Quakers imprisoned without charge

Question 13

with the clamp down on non-conformity 1660-9, what did Puritan ministers do?

Answer 13

often continued to preach elsewhere, some benefitted from wealthy connections- offered jobs preaching

Question 14

by what year was the mood for revenge softening?

Answer 14

1666

Question 15

when was the Presbyterian Academy founded?

Answer 15

1669

Question 16

why was the Presbyterian Academy founded?

Answer 16

in response to dwindling numbers of dissenting Puritan ministers

Question 17

who founded the Presbyterian Academy?

Answer 17

Richard Frankland

Question 18

what changing attitude did the Presbyterian Academy represent?

Answer 18

ejected Presbyterians were willing to accept a future outside of the church

Question 19

when was George Fox released from prison?

Answer 19

1666

Question 20

when were the Quakers reorganised?

Answer 20

after George Fox released from prison 1666

Question 21

who reorganised the Quakers?

Answer 21

George Fox

Question 22

in what ways were the Quakers reorganised?

Answer 22

• monthly district meetings
• annual national meetings
• each meeting self-sufficient in daily worship + local support - no order needed from central office

Question 23

what was the result of the reorganisation of the Quakers?

Answer 23

structure and sense of unity. if one group was persecuted, would survive elsewhere. helped to grow and survive.

Question 24

when did the first conventicle Act expire?

Answer 24

1667

Question 25

who campaigned for renewal of Conventicle Act?

Answer 25

Archbishop Sheldon

Question 26

when was the second Conventicle Act?

Answer 26

1670

Question 27

what was the impact of the second Conventicle Act? why?

Answer 27

limited impact - change in attitudes - dissenters seen to be harmless

Question 28

when was CII's Declarations of Indulgence?

Answer 28

1662 + 1672

Question 29

what became of CII's Decs of In?

Answer 29

withdrawn both times

Question 30

what was the impact of CII's Decs of In?

Answer 30

allowed dissenters to consolidate gains

Question 31

from when did CII align with the Anglican church in persecution?

Answer 31

1683

Question 32

what alliance backfired for dissenters?

Answer 32

alliance between dissenters and Whigs - backfired after Rye House Plot

Question 33

was CII able to stamp out persecution when he aligned with the Anglican church?

Answer 33

no

Question 34

who did Presbyterian dissenters turn to for support?

Answer 34

gentry and merchants with Puritan sympathies

Question 35

how did gentry and merchants with Puritan sympathies help Presbyterians?

Answer 35

provide living spaces and spaces to preach - foundation to spread ideas, adopt new members

Question 36

who relied on Presbyterian connections?

Answer 36

smaller dissenting groups who Presbyterians were sympathetic towards e.g. Congregationalists

Question 37

which dissenting group came closest to extinction? why?

Answer 37

Quakers - difficult relations with Presbyterians

Question 38

when did the Quakers come close to extinction?

Answer 38

1660s

Question 39

which Parl enacted the Clarendon Code?

Answer 39

the vengeful Cavalier Parl

Question 40

what caused the election of Cavalier Parl?

Answer 40

Fifth Monarchist Rebellion 1661

Question 41

who were excluded from the church under the Act of Uniformity?

Answer 41

Presbyterians, Catholics, Puritans

Question 42

what did the Act of Uniformity stipulate about non-conformists in Church office?

Answer 42

excluded

Question 43

how many ministers did the Act of Uniformity drive out of the Church?

Answer 43

1800 (20%)

Question 44

what was the effect of so many dissenting ministers being driven out of the church?

Answer 44

sowed seeds for dissent - many still wanted to preach, had to do so illegally which grew dissent

Question 45

what was the punishment for non-attendance at church?

Answer 45

fines

Question 46

harsh persecution was enforced by...

Answer 46

corporation and conventicle Acts

Question 47

what was the result of harsh persecution of dissenters?

Answer 47

ordinary people viewed as unfair, reluctant to report

Question 48

why in particular did conformists find persecution of dissenters so harsh?

Answer 48

included non-radical and common Presbyterians - made more unlikely to report in any other dissenter

Question 49

when did persecution of dissenters become more effective?

Answer 49

after 1683 when CII aligned w Anglican church and committed to persecution

Question 50

when was the Toleration Act passed?

Answer 50

1650

Question 51

what prompted the passing of the Toleration Act?

Answer 51

Cromwell's aims of godly reformation and to heal and settle the nation

Question 52

when did Puritan numbers grow significantly, why?

Answer 52

1650s - Toleration Act 1650

Question 53

when was the James Naylor case?

Answer 53

1656

Question 54

what happened in the James Naylor case?

Answer 54

Cromwell convinced Parl not to execute Quaker