T2DM medications

Question 1

drugs that cause weight gain

Answer 1

sulphonylureas
glitazones
insulin

Question 2

drugs that cause weight loss

Answer 2

SGLT2 inhibitors
GLP1 analogues

Question 3

drugs that have better CV outcomes than others

Answer 3

metformin
possibly glitazones
SGLT2
some GLP1 analogues

Question 4

main contraindications for metformin

Answer 4

eGFR<30

Question 5

main contraindications for glitazones

Answer 5

congestive cardiac failure, bladder neoplasm

Question 6

main contraindications for DPP4 inhibitors

Answer 6

history of pancreatitis

Question 7

main contraindications for GLP1 analogues

Answer 7

history of pancreatitis

Question 8

main contraindications for SGLT2 inhibitors

Answer 8

risk of DKA
eGFR restrictions

Question 9

adverse effects of metformin

Answer 9

GI eg diarrhoea. slow increase in dose helps
Lactic acidosis, esp in renal impairment or alcohol

Question 10

adverse effects of SUs

Answer 10

hypos
weight gain

Question 11

adverse effects of glitazones

Answer 11

oedema
weight gain
fractures

Question 12

adverse effects of DPP4 inhibitors

Answer 12

nausea

Question 13

adverse effects of SGLT2 inhibitors

Answer 13

UTI

Question 14

adverse effects of GLP1 analogues

Answer 14

nausea

Question 15

adverse effects of insulin

Answer 15

hypos
weight gain

Question 16

low cost drugs so more preferable

Answer 16

metformin
SUs
glitazone
insulin (moderate)

Question 17

low cost drugs so more preferable

Answer 17

metformin
SUs
glitazone
insulin (moderate)

Question 18

drugs with no restriction in renal

Answer 18

SUs
glitazone
insulin

Question 19

renal restrictions for metformin

Answer 19

stop if eGFR<30

Question 20

renal restrictions for DPP4 inhibitors

Answer 20

reduced dose in CKD

Question 21

renal restrictions for GLP1 analogues

Answer 21

avoid if eGFR<30

Question 22

GLP1 analogues ending

Answer 22

…tide

Question 23

DPP4 inhibitors ending

Answer 23

…gliptins

Question 24

sulphonylureas ending

Answer 24

gli…ides

Question 25

SGLT2 inhibitors ending

Answer 25

...glifozins

Question 26

stable fasting glucose

Answer 26

Between 4.0 to 5.4 mmol/L (72 to 99 mg/dL) when fasting 7+ is diabetes

Question 27

stable HbA1C

Answer 27

48mmol/l in diabetes normal 42mmol/l prediabetes is 42-47

Question 28

healthy BMI

Answer 28

18.5-24.5

Question 29

diabetes random glucose finger prick

Answer 29

11.1 or more

Question 30

aim blood pressure for diabetics

Answer 30

130/80

Question 31

sulfonylurea MOA

Answer 31

Sulfonylureas act by increasing insulin secretion from pancreatic islet cells.

Question 32

metformin MOA

Answer 32

inhibiting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in the liver, and increasing insulin sensitivity

Question 33

sulfonylureas MOA

Answer 33

increased sensitivity of muscle and fat tissue to insulin, thereby increasing glucose uptake.