T4 U9 ENDOCRINE

Question 1

patho of T1 diabetes?

Answer 1

autoimmune
destroys pancreatic cells that produce insulin (beta)

Question 2

s/sx of T1 diabetes?

Answer 2

3 P’s
Polyuria
Polydipsia
Polyphagia

Question 3

diagnostic levels of fasting BG for T1?

Answer 3

125

Question 4

normal BG range for T1?

Answer 4

70-120

Question 5

if a newly presenting diabetic pt has super high levels, whats the best course of action?

Answer 5

Don’t panic, its “normal”
monitor for s/sx of DKA
PANIC IF present super low

Question 6

s/sx of DKA

Answer 6

fruity smelling urine/breath
Kussmals breathing
excessive thirst

Question 7

s/sx of hyperglycemia?

Answer 7

confused
excessive thirst
flushed skin
deep rapid breaths
parathesia

Question 8

blood test that diagnose T1 diabetes?

Answer 8

blood glucose
A1c

Question 9

A1c level indicative of diabetes?

Answer 9

6+

Question 10

s/sx og hypoglycemia?

Answer 10

Nervous
shaky/hungry
pallor/sweating
tachyC
shallow respirations

Question 11

how to manage hypoglycemic crisis? & level

Answer 11

below 70
rapidly give 10-15 mg of carbs

Question 12

amount of orange juice for hypogly crisis?

Answer 12

1/2 to 3/4 cup

Question 13

how many glucose tablets/gels?

Answer 13

2

Question 14

how often does home glucose monitoring happen?

Answer 14

3-6x per day

Question 15

what is the name of primary short acting insulin?

Answer 15

Humalog/Novolog

Question 16

when to take short acting insulin?

Answer 16

before meals

Question 17

onset of short acting insulin?

Answer 17

10-15 min

Question 18

regular insulin onset time?

Answer 18

30min

Question 19

regular insulin peak?

Answer 19

55m

Question 20

NPH insulin is intermediate acting bc it is ______

Answer 20

given in morning but effects are in afternoon

Question 21

name of long acting insulin

Answer 21

lantus

Question 22

action of Lantus?

Answer 22

24 acting with steady level & peak

Question 23

how often/when to give Lantus?

Answer 23

daily, same time

Question 24

edu about Lantus admin?

Answer 24

Has to be separate injection
given after meal based on carbs

Question 25

how to include preschool in diabetes management?

Answer 25

let chose finger take off bandaid

Question 26

sick day rules for T1 diabetics

Answer 26

give normal dose of insulin check every void/glucose often give what they will eat (can do popsicles/gatorade for hydration)

Question 27

what to do with a T1 diabetic that is going to OR?

Answer 27

give insulin as usual

Question 28

DKA s/sx?

Answer 28

fruity breath Kussmals breathing 3P's

Question 29

DKA diagnosis

Answer 29

Blood sugar 250+ pH less than 7.34

Question 30

management for DKA

Answer 30

monitor K+ Fluid volume delivery (regular saline) respiratory & neuro assessment

Question 31

what is the normal insulin continuous infusion rate?

Answer 31

0.1u/kg/hr

Question 32

diagnosis of T2 diabetes?

Answer 32

family hx acanthosis nigricans (dark neck) Lipids in 300's SGA Asian, Native, Pacific islander, Latino, African American

Question 33

prevention/management best for T2?

Answer 33

diet + exercise! check blood sugar before/during and after * may need snack during

Question 34

how should T2 diet look?

Answer 34

complex carbs fruits/veggies quality proteins

Question 35

complications of T2?

Answer 35

growth failure delayed puberty menstural disturbances cataracts

Question 36

edu about insulin admin?

Answer 36

rotate injection site

Question 37

what is PKU?

Answer 37

error in metabolism - cant break down proteins

Question 38

diet management of PKU?

Answer 38

phenylalanine free diet (no protein or diet coke) no breast feeding --> need special formula

Question 39

what CAN PKU pt eat?

Answer 39

fruits/veggies pasta, cornstarch

Question 40

infant s/sx of hypothyroidism?

Answer 40

prolonged jaundice poor feeding cool skin hypotonia

Question 41

ped s/sx of hypothyroidism?

Answer 41

short stature weight gain puffy face protruding abdo brittle/dry hair

Question 42

what lab levels are low in hypothy?

Answer 42

low t4 low TSH

Question 43

medication for hypothy?

Answer 43

levo/synthroid

Question 44

s/sx to watch out for with levothyroxine?

Answer 44

tachyC & weightloss

Question 45

how can you give synthroid to an infant?

Answer 45

crushed up into a syringe (NOT into their bottle)

Question 46

what wouldnt put a person at risk for T2DM?

Answer 46

stature in 45th %tile (being short)

Question 47

what is an example of a non iron rich food?

Answer 47

milk

Question 48

what is priority when caring for 7Y with hypothroidism?

Answer 48

admin med as prescribed

Question 49

how would a child present with hyperglycemia?

Answer 49

increased thirst & frequent urination

Question 50

what random blood glucose level could indicate T1 diabetes?

Answer 50

150

Question 51

below what value of sodium bicarbonate would = diabetes?

Answer 51

18

Question 52

what s/sx may a nurse see in a child with hypothryroidism?

Answer 52

delayed tooth eruption slow growth

Question 53

priority intervention for DKA?

Answer 53

admin IV fluids

Question 54

if a 9yr old asks why insulin injections are necessary, what is the most appropriate response?

Answer 54

will help your body absorb glucose from the blood

Question 55

important for adolescents to know about self monitor blood glucose?

Answer 55

wash hands before using glucose meter

Question 56

what nutrition choice would require INTERVENTION by the nurse?

Answer 56

cinnamon roll & juice

Question 57

classic signs of T1?

Answer 57

polydipsia polyphagia polyuria

Question 58

on a sick day how often do you check blood sugars?

Answer 58

Q4hr

Question 59

best long term goal for adolescent pt with diabetes?

Answer 59

no evidence of long term complications

Question 60

what can affect the feedback of the endocrine system?

Answer 60

stress nutrition temperature

Question 61

how often should you monitor K level in DKA?

Answer 61

Q2-4hr

Question 62

clinical manifestations of PKU?

Answer 62

developmental delays intellecutal disabilities seizures

Question 63

what grains should PKU avoid?

Answer 63

wheat, oats, rye, barley & quinoa

Question 64

what hormone would be high in a female pt with precocious puberty?

Answer 64

LH

Question 65

potential long term effects of percocious puberty

Answer 65

infertility

Question 66

what is the most common treatment for precocious puberty?

Answer 66

Hormonal therapy

Question 67

ex of hormonal therapy for percocious puberty?

Answer 67

GnRH injections Q 3/4 wk Histrelin/Supprelin LA-perm implant