Task 2 - Emotionally motivated brain

Question 1

The Amygdala and Emotion Processing

Dalgleish, 2004

Answer 1

The amygdala is crucial for processing emotional stimuli, especially fear.
Evidence includes:
* Lesion studies showing impaired fear recognition in humans with amygdala damage
* Animal studies where amygdala lesions reduce fear responses
* Neuroimaging studies showing amygdala activation in response to fearful faces and threat-related stimuli

Question 2

Prefrontal Cortex and Emotion Regulation

Dalgleish, 2004

Answer 2

Particularly the orbitofrontal and ventromedial regions, helps appraise emotional stimuli and regulate emotional responses via top-down control.
Evidence includes neuroimaging showing PFC activation during emotion regulation tasks etc.

Question 3

Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) and Emotion

Answer 3

Processes visceral and emotional information, integrating cognitive and affective signals.
Neuroimaging shows activation in dorsal ACC during conflict monitoring, and ventral ACC during emotional stimuli

Question 4

Hypothalamus and Emotion

Dalgleish, 2004

Answer 4

The hypothalamus generates coordinated emotional behaviors (e.g., fight, flight) and visceral responses.
Electrical stimulation in animals evokes specific emotional responses; lesions can alter emotional expression