task 2- year 10

Question 1

why was the UN created?

Answer 1

the United Nations (UN) was established to prevent future conflicts and promote cooperation among countries

Question 2

United Nations

Answer 2

An international organisation founded in 1945 committed to maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations and promoting social progress, better living standards and human rights.

Question 3

why was the UDHR created?

Answer 3

The UDHR was created in 1948 to protect people’s basic rights after the violence and cruelty of World War II. It aimed to promote equality, freedom, and justice for all people, no matter their background.

Question 4

when was the UN created?

Answer 4

24 October 1945

Question 5

when was the UDHR created?

Answer 5

December 10, 1948

Question 6

how many countries are apart of the UN?

Answer 6

51 countries and 193 Member States

Question 7

what is the UDHR?

Answer 7

A document that protects the rights of every individual, everywhere by specifying the freedoms and rights that deserve universal protection in order for every individual to live their lives freely, equally and in dignity.

Question 8

the key founding members of the UN

Answer 8

The key founding members were: the United States, Soviet Union, Great Britain, France and China.

Question 9

when did Australia come part of the UN?

Answer 9

When the UN officially came into being, Australia was one of its 51 founding members and a member of the 18-nation commission that participated in drafting its Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).

Question 10

Who is Doc Evatt?

Answer 10

Dr. H.V. (Doc) Evatt took part in the United Nations as Australia’s Minister for External Affairs and later as President of the UN General Assembly in 1948. He was part of the founding conference of the UN in 1945 in San Francisco, where he helped write the UN Charter.

Question 11

what is the UN charter?

Answer 11

The UN Charter is the key document that officially created the United Nations. It was signed on June 26, 1945, in San Francisco, and became active on October 24, 1945. The Charter explains the values, aims, and organisation of the UN. It describes how the UN works to keep peace, protect human rights, and encourage cooperation between countries.

Question 12

what does the UN charter explain?

Answer 12

• The main reasons why the UN was formed (its four main goals)
• How the UN is structured, including key groups like the General Assembly and Security Council
• The roles and duties of each member nation
• The ways the UN can act in response to world issues, such as wars, human rights abuses, and global problems like poverty

Question 13

When did slavery in America start and end?

Answer 13

Lasted from the 1500s to the 1800s

Question 14

how many africans were enslaved?

Answer 14

over 12 million Africans were enslaved.

Question 15

Where was slavery heavily enforced and why?

Answer 15

Slavery was heavily enforced in the south as opposed to the north as their economy depended on agriculture and other duties that were done by the American slaves. Their economy essentially relyed on it.

Question 16

how was slavery abolished?

Answer 16

Slavery was officially abolished in 1865 throughout the U.S by the 13th Amendment, However, African Americans continued to face Jim Crow laws that separated them from white Americans.

Question 17

what was the 15th amendment?

Answer 17

15th Amendment (1870) → The 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution granted African American men the right to vote, forbidding states from denying voting rights based on race, color, or previous status of enslavement. Despite this, many Southern states introduced measures that effectively barred African Americans from voting.

Question 18

Methods of Disenfranchisement

Answer 18

• Literacy Tests: Southern states implemented literacy tests that were challenging and frequently biased. These tests were purposely crafted to confuse or prevent African Americans from passing. White voters, on the other hand, were often given simpler tests or even excused from taking them altogether.
• Poll Taxes: Voters were required to pay a fee in order to cast their ballot, which disproportionately affected African Americans and poor white individuals who could not afford to pay. Hence, another obstacle aimed at denying African Americans the right to vote.

Question 19

Impact on African Americans

Answer 19

• Political Exclusion: These measures prevented African Americans from fully engaging in the democratic process. By blocking Black citizens from voting, these laws stripped them of their political rights and their ability to impact local, state, and national policies.
• Social and Economic Consequences: Lacking political influence, African Americans were unable to advocate for crucial rights, such as access to quality education, fair job opportunities, and protection against discrimination.

Question 20

What was the Atlantic Slave Trade?

Answer 20

It was the forced transport of millions of Africans to the Americas to work as slaves between the 1500s and 1800s.

Question 21

How were enslaved people treated?

Answer 21

They were treated as property, denied rights, and lived in inhumane conditions.

Question 22

What happened to African Americans after slavery ended?

Answer 22

They faced segregation, discrimination, and violence despite being legally free.

Question 23

What were Jim Crow laws?

Answer 23

Laws in the South that kept Black and white people separate and denied African Americans equal rights.

Question 24

What group used violence to control African Americans?

Answer 24

The Ku Klux Klan (KKK).

Question 25

What was the Plessy v. Ferguson case about?

Answer 25

It supported segregation with the idea of “separate but equal.”

Question 26

What was sharecropping?

Answer 26

A system where African Americans farmed land for white owners in return for a small share of crops.

Question 27

Why was sharecropping unfair?

Answer 27

It kept African Americans in debt and poverty, similar to slavery.

Question 28

What areas of life did segregation affect?

Answer 28

Schools, transport, restaurants, and public spaces.

Question 29

What were the effects of Jim Crow laws?

Answer 29

African Americans were denied equal rights and treated as second-class citizens.

Question 30

When were Jim Crow laws in place?

Answer 30

From the late 1800s to the mid-1900s; after slavery was abolished.

Question 31

whats tasks were given to black people during slavery

Answer 31

- **Working on plantations** – growing and harvesting crops like cotton, sugar, tobacco, and rice. - **Household work** – cooking, cleaning, serving meals, and caring for children of the slave owners. - **Skilled labour** – some were blacksmiths, carpenters, or worked in construction, but still as slaves. - **Manual labour** – digging ditches, clearing land, and building fences or buildings. - **Caring for animals** – feeding, cleaning, and managing livestock.

Question 32

human rights

Answer 32

Rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status

Question 33

civil rights

Answer 33

Rights that a person obtains by being a legal member of a specific country or nation

Question 34

Inalienable

Answer 34

Something that cannot be taken or given away from the owner

Question 35

Slavery

Answer 35

A condition in which one human being was owned by another. Slaves were considered by law as property and were deprived of most of the rights ordinarily held by free persons.

Question 36

Plantation

Answer 36

An agricultural estate usually worked by resident labour, which is mostly unpaid (slave) labour

Question 37

the american north

Answer 37

The free states that opposed slavery the American Civil War. Before the war these states were more industrialised and did not rely on slave labour

Question 38

the american south

Answer 38

The South is a term used to describe the states which were most dependent on plantations and slavery prior to the American Civil War

Question 39

american civil war

Answer 39

The four-year war (1861–65) between the American North and 11 Southern over the interconnected issues of slavery, territorial and sectional political control.

Question 40

Emancipation

Answer 40

the freeing of someone from slavery

Question 41

segregation

Answer 41

The practice of requiring separate housing, education and other services for people of colour

Question 42

prejudice

Answer 42

A preconceived (usually unfavourable) of another person based on that person's perceived personal characteristics

Question 43

De jure segregation

Answer 43

Mandated the separation of races by law, and was the form imposed by slave codes before the Civil War and by Black Codes and Jim Crow laws following the war.

Question 44

De facto segregation

Answer 44

Situations that did not overtly segregate people by race, but forms of exclusion existed

Question 45

White supremacy

Answer 45

The belief that white people constitute a superior race and should therefore dominate society, typically to the exclusion or detriment of other racial and ethnic groups.

Question 46

Lynching

Answer 46

The unlawful killing of someone, often by a mob, usually by hanging. This violent act was used as a method of racial control and intimidation against African Americans, especially in the South.

Question 47

Disenfranchisement

Answer 47

The act of denying individuals or groups their right to vote. For African Americans, this often involved tactics like literacy tests, poll taxes, and intimidation to prevent them from voting.

Question 48

what does the united nations aim to do?

Answer 48

- Keep international peace and prevent conflict through peaceful solutions and justice. - Build friendly relations between nations based on equal rights and self-determination. - Work together to solve global problems and promote human rights for all. - Unite countries to achieve these common goals.

Question 49

article 2 of the udhr

Answer 49

Article 2 says that everyone has equal rights no matter who they are or where they come from. No one should be treated unfairly because of their race, gender, religion, background, or beliefs. “Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status..."