task 1- year 10 Flashcards
(22 cards)
Anti-Semitism
Prejudice, hatred, or discrimination against Jewish people.
Concentration Camps
Detention centres established by the Nazis where Jews and targeted groups (older aged, darker skinned people) were imprisoned, forced into labour, and often murdered, through gas chambers.
Nuremberg Laws (1935)
A set of racist laws that stripped Jews of their German citizenship and banned marriage or relationships between Jews and non-Jews.
Kristallnacht (1938)
“Night of Broken Glass,” a violent attack on Jewish businesses, synagogues, and homes across Germany. After this event, the whole situation only worsened and escalated.
Nazi Propaganda
Misinformation spread by the Nazi regime to control public opinion and promote Nazi ideology.
Ghettos (1939 to mid 1942)
Restricted areas in cities where Jews were forced to live under harsh conditions before they slowly began to be transported to concentration camps.
Genocide
Systematic extermination of a racial, political, or cultural group.
Final Solution
Nazi plan to exterminate the Jewish population.
Propaganda
Biased or misleading information used to promote a political cause.
Pogroms
A violent riot aimed at the massacre of an ethnic group particularly the jews.
Regime
Nazi government
Extermination Camp
A nazi camp designed specifically for mass murders, mainly using gas chambers.
Deportation
The forced removal of Jews and other victims to ghettos, concentration camps, or extermination camps.
Key Ghettos (1939–1945):
- Warsaw Ghetto (Poland, 1940) – The largest ghetto, holding over 400,000 Jews.
- Lodz Ghetto (Poland, 1940) – A major forced-labor ghetto where thousands died from starvation and disease.
Conditions in Ghettos:
- Extreme poverty: Little access to food, medicine, or clean water.
- Forced labor: Jews were made to work in factories for the Nazi war effort.
- Brutal Nazi control: Those caught escaping were executed.
Deportation & Liquidation:
From 1941 onwards, ghettos were emptied (“liquidated”), and Jews were sent to extermination camps (e.g., Auschwitz, Treblinka).
Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (1943) – A Jewish resistance movement against Nazi deportation, but it was crushed.
What Happened in Kristallnacht 1938
- A coordinated attack on Jewish businesses, homes, and synagogues across Nazi Germany and Austria.
- Windows were smashed (hence “Night of the Broken Glass”), buildings burned, and Jewish properties vandalized.
- Over 100 Jews were killed and around 30,000 Jewish men were arrested and sent to concentration camps.
Cause of Kristallnacht 1938
A German diplomat in Paris was shot by a Jewish teenager, giving the Nazis an excuse for the attack.
Anti-Semitic Nazi policies were already in place, and this was a planned escalation.
consequences of Kristallnacht 1938
- Increased persecution of Jews, including more arrests and restrictions.
- Jews were forced to pay for the damage, further stripping them of rights and resources.
- Marked the transition from discrimination to violence, leading to the Holocaust.
Rise of Hitler and the Nazi
Party
Hitler and the Nazi Party rose to power due to economic hardship, political instability, and resentment from Germany’s defeat in World War I.
The Treaty of Versailles and the Great Depression worsened conditions, leading to unemployment and unrest.
Hitler gained support by promising to restore Germany’s strength, using propaganda, mass rallies, and violence through the SA. In 1933, he became Chancellor and used emergency powers after the Reichstag Fire to eliminate opposition, creating a totalitarian dictatorship.
The Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles was a peace agreement signed in 1919 that officially ended World War I. It imposed harsh penalties on Germany, including massive war reparations, territorial losses, and military restrictions.
The treaty aimed to prevent future wars but instead crippled Germany’s economy and fueled resentment, contributing to the rise of Hitler and the Nazi Party.
great depression
The Great Depression (1929–1939) was a severe global economic crisis that began with the Wall Street Crash of 1929.
It led to mass unemployment, bank failures, and poverty worldwide, hitting countries like Germany especially hard. The economic collapse created widespread desperation, which extremist leaders like Hitler exploited to gain power.
