TASK 8 - Love Flashcards
Bowlby Attachment Theory
Children are BIOLOGICALLY PREDISPOSED to attach to caregivers - provide safety
- innate basis as increases chances of survival
Preattachment (0-6 weeks)
Baby produces innate signals to get attention
- e.g. crying, smiling
Attachment-in-the-making (6 weeks - 6/8 months)
Infants form expectations
Develop a sense of trust
Develop a preference to a caretaker
Clear-cut Attachment (6/8 months - 1.5 years)
Infants seek contact
Separation and loss can cause intense SEPARATION ANXIETY
- Egocentric Infants = infants don’t realize caretakers have other desires/plans
- Person permanence
Reciprocal Relationship (1.5 years - 2 years)
- A child understands parents feelings
- Mutually regulated relationship - an active role of the child in development&working of relationship
- SMOOTH BASE PHENOMENON = exploring of a child with occasional proximity seeking
Internal Working Model of Attachment - a mental representation of self and relationships
Attachment Styles - Secure
- Child seeks proximity
- Upset when caretaker leaves but happy when they come back
- -> Mothers are more:
- tender, positive, sensitive
Attachment Styles - Insecure-Avoidant
- Child ignores/avoids caretaker
- Indifferent if caretaker leaves/stays
- when upset, an infant is comforted by a stranger
- –> Mothers are more:
- rejecting of child’s behaviors, interact more angrily
Attachment Styles - Insecure Ambivalent
- Child clings &seeks proximity
- Upset when caretaker leaves and isn’t comforted
- –> Mothers are more;
- unsynchronized in actions, unpredictable
Attachment Styles - Disorganized/Disorientated
- Child has no consistent coping mechanism to deal with the stress of SS
- Confused and disorientated
Sensitivity
Ability to perceive/interpret children’s attachment signals correctly
- inconsistent sensitivity = feeling of insecurity
- Parents childhood attachment experiences shape the ability to act sensitively to infants
Adult Attatchment Interview + Classifications
- 1 hour long , 15 open-ended questions involving attatchment/separation/loss during childhood
- -> Autonomous/Secure
- described negative/positive experiences coherently
- description of childhood is balanced
–> Insecure-Dismissing
- cannot illustrate events - cannot remember
- if negative aspects are accepted, they say they are
untouched
- -> Insecure-Preoccupied
- overwhelmed by past experiences - feel mistreated
- not coherent, express anger
- -> Unresolved
- discuss experiences of loss/trauma in disorientated way
- still struggling with trauma
Parenting Styles - Dimensions
- Warm & Responsive involvment
- Encouragment towards psychological autonomy
- Demand for age-appropiate behaviour, limit-setting & monitoring
Parenting Styles
Authoritative Parenting (BEST)
- Secure attatchment
- less supervision as child is willing to comply
- parents listen to children
- Child is more energetic, confident, friendly, social
Authoritarian
- high demands, power assertive, internalized stress
- Child has low cognitive abilities lacks self confidence
Permissive/Indulgent
- Insecure-ambivalent attachment
- warm and affectionate, but doesn’t respect childs individuality
- parents provide inconsistant discipline
- Child has impulsive-aggressive behaviour
Negligent Parenting (WORST)
- parents dont support childs’ independance, neglectful and less supportive, focus on own needs
- Insecure-avoidant attachment
- Child feels unloved
