Taxonomy 6

Question 1

land plants appeared

Answer 1

400 million years ago

Question 2

what do plants most likely share a common ancestor with

Answer 2

green algae

Question 3

similar features green algae and plants

Answer 3

chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids, starch, cellulose

Question 4

unique features of plants

Answer 4

-cuticle
-Sexual organs surrounded by layer
of sterile cells, leaving it after reproducing. while unicellular in algae and just cell wall remains
-Multicellular embryos stay within
parental tissue

Question 5

vascular tissue, seeds, flowers
bryophytes, ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms

Answer 5

bryophytes- no
ferns- yes vasc tissue no everything else
gymnosperms- yes everything except flowers
angiosperms- yes everything

Question 6

how many species of bryophytes
what is in phyla, habitat

Answer 6

23,000
mosses, liverwarts, hornwarts
moist and shady places, bogs/ wetlands

Question 7

in order to reproduce sexually, bryophytes

Answer 7

must have water

Question 8

peat mosses habitat

Answer 8

waterlogged environments with low temperature, acidity, slow decomp, large carbon deposits.

Question 9

what happens when peatland gets fucked

Answer 9

carbon released to atmosphere

Question 10

what do peat mosses do to water around them.?
what other properties?

Answer 10

acidify it
anti microbial, and large water holding capacity

Question 11

peat mosses called

Answer 11

Sphagnum mosses

Question 12

Peat mosses have specialized cells for
describe them

Answer 12

water storage
dead cells, living chlorophyll cells in between

Question 13

small discs growing off tissue for new gametophytes
what type of reproduction and what are they called

Answer 13

Gemmae, asexual reproduction

Question 14

how do bryophytes have similar structure to leaves

Answer 14

chlorenchyma cells absorbing light but inside an air filled cell. lots of space in these cells

Question 15

bryophytes scales

Answer 15

used for absorbtion and multicellular

Question 16

bryophytes rhizoids

Answer 16

used mostly for support

Question 17

Bryophytes characteristics

Answer 17

dominant gametophyte
- No true xylem or phloem
-No roots, most water absorbed directly through surface
-small
-some desiccant tolerant

Question 18

Giant stems that grew from rhizomes

Answer 18

Calamites

Question 19

What is the tree fern called

Answer 19

Psaronius

Question 20

When did Psaronius live

Answer 20

Late carboniferous and permian

Question 21

Calamite vascular system

Answer 21

Had large pith and xylem with traicheids
produced secondary xylem but not secondary phloem

Question 22

What phylum of plants lack roots?
what do they have instead?

Answer 22

Psilophyte
anchored by rhizomes instead

Question 23

What is weird about the Psilophyte “leaves”

Answer 23

called enations,
not true leaves because they lack vascular tissue

Question 24

Phylum that have true leaves and stems
what are their other characteristics?

Answer 24

Lycophyte
found on forest floor
heterospory

Question 25

Whorled scalelike leaves

Answer 25

Phylum horsetail

Question 26

Phylum Horsetail characteristics

Answer 26

– Whorled, scalelike leaves – The stems photosynthesize – Sporangia at the tip of some stems
– Rhizome, can be a weed
– Calamites
– Equisetum

Question 27

Equisetum

Answer 27

is a living fossil; one of the oldest surviving
genera on Earth

Question 28

Leaves (fronds) often large and much divided

Answer 28

Phylum Ferns

Question 29

how many species of ferns
where are they

Answer 29

– 11,000 species

Question 30

fern stem modification

Answer 30

Underground stem = rhizome