Taxonomy and Evolution

Question 1

Evolution

Answer 1

Organisms are modified descendants of common ancestors

Explains patterns of unity and diversity in living organisms

Similar trains among organism are explained by descent from common ancestors

Differences among organisms are explained by the accumulation of heritable changes

Question 2

Taxonomy

Answer 2

Science of naming and classifying organisms

Approx 1.8 million species have been identified and named to date, and thousands more are identified each year

Estimates of the total number of species that actually exist range from 10 million to over 100 million

Question 3

Theodosius Dobzhansky

Answer 3

“Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution”

Evolution unifies biology at different scaled of size throughout the history of life on Earth

Question 4

Domains

Answer 4

Organisms are divided into three domains

Bacteria and Archea are prokaryotic
Most prokaryotes are single-celled, microscopic,
and live in extreme environments

Eukarya includes all eukaryotic organisms

Question 5

Classifications

Answer 5

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Dear King Phillip Came Over For Good Soup

Question 6

Human classification

Answer 6

Archea
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Hominidae
Homo
Homo sapiens (Species names are always italicized)

Question 7

Singular/Plural

Answer 7

Phylum = Singular
Phyla = Plural

Taxon = Singular
Taxa = Plural