Taxonomy sheet 2

Question 1

Phylum mollusca general characteristics

Answer 1

1. Eucoelomate
2. Bilateral symmetry
3. Open or closed (in cephalopods) circulatory system
4. Ctenidial gills
5. Huge, diverse group - probably 3rd largest phylum

Question 2

Eucoelomate

Answer 2

having a body cavity that is a coelom

Question 3

acoelomate

Answer 3

an invertebrate lacking a coelom

Question 4

pseudocoelomate

Answer 4

organism with body cavity that is not derived from the mesoderm

Question 5

ctenidial gills (ctenidium)

Answer 5

respiratory organ or gills. that are found in mollusks

Question 6

Phylum mollusca classes

Answer 6

1. Class solenogastres and Caudocoveata
2. Class scaphopoda
3. Class polyplacophora
4. Class gastropoda
5. Class Bivalvia
6. Class cephalopoda

Question 7

Class solenogastres and caudofoveata

Answer 7

1. They are worm-like

2. Have no shells

Question 8

Class scaphopoda

Answer 8

1. Tusk shells

2. Deposit feeders

Question 9

deposit feeders

Answer 9

ingest particles associated with sediments

Question 10

Class polyplacophora

Answer 10

1. Chitons
2. Shell - 8 plates (valves)
3. Serially repetitious gills
4. Open circulatory system

Question 11

Class Gastropoda subclasses

Answer 11

1. Subclass Prosobranchia
2. Subclass Opisthobranchia
3. Subclass pulmonata

Question 12

Subclass Prosobranchia

Answer 12

1. Marine snails

2. Gills in front (torsion)

Question 13

Subclass Opisthobranchia

Answer 13

1. Sea slugs

2. Gills in back (detorsion)

Question 14

Subclass Pulmonata

Answer 14

1. Lung or gill

2. Terrestrial or freshwater snails and slugs

Question 15

Class bivalvia

Answer 15

1. Two halves to shell
2. Suspension feeders
3. three chambered heart (open circulatory)
4. Specialized for filter feeding

Question 16

Class cephalopoda

Answer 16

1. Squid, octopus, cuttlefish
2. Closed circulatory
3. Little or no shell (except chambered nautilus). -> if shell is present mainly used for buoyancy

Question 17

Class cephalopoda subclasses

Answer 17

1. Subclass Nautiloidea
2. Subclass ammonoidea
3. Subclass coleodiea

Question 18

Phylum annelida general characteristics

Answer 18

1. Closed circulatory
2. Eucoelomate
3. Gills or epithelial gas exchange
4. Setae/chaetae.- chitinous bristles
5. Proteinaceous cuticle

Question 19

Phylum annelida classes

Answer 19

1. Class polychaeta
2. APART OF CLITELLATA
   a) Class oligachaeta (paraphyletic)
   b) Hirudinea

Question 20

Class polychaeta

Answer 20

1. Lots of setae
2. Parapodia
3. Gills or parapodia used for gas exchange
4. Diverse
5. Strong cephalization (prostomium, peristomium, eversible pharynx, jaws)

Question 21

Class oligachaeta (paraphyletic)

Answer 21

1. Earthworms and others
2. Mostly terrestrial, some aquatic
3. No parapodia
4. Few setae
5. Deposit feeders
6. epithelial gas exchange
7. monoecious

Question 22

Class hirudinea

Answer 22

1. Leeches - often ectoparasites
2. Reduced or lost septa
3. No setae or parapodia
4. Anterior or posterior suckers
5. Mostly freshwater, some marine, some terrestrial

Question 23

Phylum nemertea general characteristics

Answer 23

1. Rhynchoceol - eversible proboscis often with venomous stylet
2. Paired eyespots
3. Derived “circulatory” system

Question 24

Phylum brachipoda general characteristics

Answer 24

1. Bivalve
2. Attached by pedicel
3. Lophophore used for feeding and gas exchange

Question 25

Phylum entoprocta general characteristics

Answer 25

1. Pseudocoelomate 2. Ciliary feeding with tentacles 3. Often protandrious hermpahrodites

Question 26

Phylum ectoprocta general characteristics

Answer 26

1. Eucoelomate | 2. Ciliary feeding with lophophore

Question 27

Phylum cycliophora general characteristics

Answer 27

1. Acoleomate | 2. Sexual and asexual stages

Question 28

Phylum Nemata general characteristics

Answer 28

1. ECDYSOZOA 2. Some parasitic but many free-living 2. Second biggest phylum 3. Eutely 4. Collagenous cuticle 5. Pseudocoelomate 6. Only longitudinal muscles

Question 29

Eutely

Answer 29

Body made up of constant number of cells

Question 30

Phylum nematomorpha general characteristics

Answer 30

1. ECDYSOZOA 2. Some parasitic but many free-living 3. Second biggest phylum

Question 31

Phylum Priapulida general characteristics

Answer 31

1. ECDYSOZOA 2. Caudal appendages 3. Chitinous cuticle 4. Special urogenital organs with solenocytes

Question 32

Caudal appendages

Answer 32

tail-like appendage that are thought to be remnants of the embryonic tail

Question 33

Solenocytes

Answer 33

Flagellated cells associated with excretion, osmoregulation and ionoregulation

Question 34

Phylum Kinorhyncha general characteristics

Answer 34

1. ECDYSOZOA 2. Scalids 3. Pseudocoelomate

Question 35

Phylum Loricifera General characteristics

Answer 35

1. ECDYSOZOA 2. Deep ocean sediments 3. Sessile 4. Anaerobic 5. Higgins larva 6. Lorica covering abdomen

Question 36

Phylum Tardigrada general characteristics

Answer 36

1. ECDYSOZOA 2. Velvet worms 3. Somewhat similar to arthropods 4. Open circulatory 5. Euceolmate