Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

state exam > tb > Flashcards

tb Flashcards

(48 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

urine

A

40 ml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

commonly used methods for processing

A 
nalc-naoh
ztsp
2-4% naoh (petroff's)
sputolysin
cpc
oxalic acid
sulfuric acid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ideal digestant:decontaminant

A

luquify mucoid specimen
kill most of normal flora
gentle enough to not harm mycobacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

nalc

A

mucolytic agent, decreases concentration of naoh
must be used within 24 hr
0.5-2.0 % depending on consistency of sputum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

naoh

A

decontaminating agent, 1%

increase concentration rather than lengthen exposure if continuously contaminated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

sodium citrate

A

stabilizing effect on nalc

chelates heavy metals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

phosphate buffer

A

stops reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

0.2% ablumin

A

buffereing agent, helps sediment adhere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

z-tsp

A

trisodium phosphate- liquefies sputus

zephirin- kills contaminants must mused be washed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

petroff

A

naoh is decontaminant and digestant
exposure time is critical
50-60% of tb may be killed
level 1 labs- quick smear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

spurtolysin

A

dithiothreitol plus 2% nacl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

cpc-nacl

A

cpc (cetylpyridinium chloride)- quarternary ammonium compound
bacteriostatic
mycobacteria vialbe up to 8 days (transit)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

oxalic acid

A

repeat contaminated with pseudomonas

longer exposure time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

sulfuric acid

A

consistently yield contaminated cultures when processed with alkaline,
urine or other thin watery body fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

nalc-naoh procedure

A 
equal volume of digestant to specimen
vortex, inc. 15 min
add pbs to stop
centrifuge and pour off
add albumin and indicator and neutralize with hcl
inoculate 0.1 to solid and 0.5 to liquid
make smear, dry and heat fix
stain with auramine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

other organisms with mycolic acid

A

nocardia, rhodococcus, tsukamurella, actionmyces, gordonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ideal Media

A

should support the growth of mycobacteria and inhibit the growth of contaminating organisms
support the growth of few viable organisms
aloow pigment production
allow drug susc to be performed
be economical and simple to prepare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Media QC

A

CLIA specifications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Media for Mycobacteria

A

Agar-based (LJ), Egg-based (7H10, 7H11), liquid (MGIT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Egg-based

Study These Flashcards
A 
contains egg, potato flour and glycerol
sterilized by inspissation
non-selective 
LJ- pereferred- malachite green
ATS- easily overgrown, sterile site use
Petragnani-higher concentration of malachite green, inhibits some atypical mycobacteria, useful for high contamination specimens
21
Q

Egg-based selective

Study These Flashcards
A

Gruft- malachite green, penicillin, nalidixic acid
may inhibit growth of atypical
enhances growth of MAC
Mycobactosel- contains malachite green, cyclohexamide, lincoymycin, nalidixic acid

22
Q

Adv. egg based

Study These Flashcards
A

photochromogenicity, long shelf life, less contamination, supports growth

23
Q

Disadv. egg-based

Study These Flashcards
A

contamiatnio affects entire slant, not good for susceptibility, media is opaque

24
Q

Agar based- non-selective

Study These Flashcards
A

7H10- malachite green, defined salts, vitamins and co-factors
OADC- oleic acid, albumin, dextrose, catalase
7H11- 7H10 blus glycerol & casein hydrolysate

25
Agar based- selective
``` Middle broth 7H11 selective plus PACT Polymyxin B (+) Amphotericin B Carbenicillin (pseudomonas) Trimethoprim lactate (-) ```
26
Adv. agar based
``` colony morphology mixed cultures susceptibility early detection less contamination ```
27
Disadv. Agar-based
``` plated media can dry out need CO2 permeablebags exposure to light is inhibitory short shelf-life preparation requires great care ```
28
Liquid media
``` early detection some contain surfactant tween 80 7H9 dubos tween albumin broth bactec 12B ```
29
Bactect 12B
contains casein hydrolysate, catalase and 14C-labeled substrate (palmitic acid) PANTA minimum GI=10 radioactive carbon is produced, detected quantitatively, rate and amount of 14CO2 directly proportional to growth
30
PANTA
polymyxin B, amphotericin B, nalidixic acid, trimethoprim, azlocillin
31
Bactec Adv.
Early detection, use for susc, automated, increased sensitivity due to large inculum and liquid medium
32
Bactec Disadv.
``` use of radioactive material expensive instrument cannot examine colony morpholy possible cross-contamination uses sharp needle ```
33
Septicheck biphasic media
detection of m. haemophilum 7H9 with 20% CO2 bottles are inverted periodically after inoculation until colonies are seen or growth observed in broth
34
MGIT-
mycobacterial growth indicator tube
35
MGIT detection
fluorescent compound is embedded in silicon, initially large amount of 02, as O2 gets consumed stops quenching CONTAMINATION RATE IS HIGHER THAN BACTEC
36
Time to detect growth
2-8 weeks
37
Difco ESP-Myco
automated instrument that detects pressure changes as a result of O2 consumption
38
MB System
automated, liquid-based media with a CO2 sensor at bottom of the vial
39
Incubation conditions
37 C- incubate second set for skin and soft tissue lesion at 30 C (m. haemophilum, m. ulcerans, m. marinum) incubate in dark obligate aerobes but 5-10% stimulate better grwoth
40
reading
mycobacterial growth in liquid can usually be detected within a week liquid media are read daily or twice weekly automated systems detect growth on a continuous basis, positives removed, smears made, and further testing is performed
41
Leprosy
``` Mycobacterium leprae humans only incubation 3 months to 40 years doesn't grow in aritifical culture media grows in mouse footpad or armadillos ```
42
Leprosy epidemiology
nearly eradicated | 90% of cases- brazil, Madagascar, Nepal, tansania, mozambique
43
Leprosy transmission
not highly infectious transmission among household contact shed from nasal mucosa humans are the reservoir
44
M. leprae
obligate intracellular AFB prefers cooler temp pleomorphic may be fragment, ovoid, or granular
45
Leprosy clinical
chronic granulomatous disease | anastheitic skin lesion- lose feeling in affected area
46
Leprosy AFB smear
skin lesion is the specimen of choice nose blow smears mucous membranes
47
Diagnosis
cannot be cultured | diagnosis based on finding AFB on smears (skin lesions, nasal mucosa) and clinical manifestation
48
Leprosy Transmission
prolonged exposure or close contact inhlation of bacilli- spreads from respiratory tract to other sites, may also be transmitted by ingestion, abraded skin, or contaminated bedding/clothes bacteria viable several days

state exam (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions