TB Flashcards
(131 cards)
How many becomes tb after infection?
10%
50% immediately
50% later
Etiology of TB
Mycobacterium tuberculosa
Other type of TB strain
Canetti, africanum, bovis
Risk factor of tb
- Immunosupresive
- Taking immunosupressant
- Alcohol
- Smoking
- Exposed to tb
- Healthcare
- Young and older people
- Lived in populous area
Transmission of tb
Droplet nuclei
Size of droplet nuclei?
5 microns
How many tb in droplet nuclei? Can survive how long?
1-5 and 4 hours
Pathway of tb infection
Droplet nuclei - tracheobronchial intercalation - bronchus terminalis - bronchus respiratoric - alveolus - phagocytosis of MTB by macrophge - release chemokine - MTB replicate 24-32 h for 2-12 weeks - reach 1000-10000 - release of MTB - ghon focus - migration to hillar NL - caseous necrosis - lymphocyte infiltration - ghon complex - calcification + fibrosis - rangke complex
fate of tb infection
Resolution
Latent
Progressive
How progressive primary tb shown
Cavitation as post tb infection
Factors associated with tb infection
duration, concentration, amount
clinical manifestations of tb
cough 2 weeks, productive cough, blood in sputum, dyspnea, chest pain
fever 2 weeks, malaise, chills, night sweats, anorexia, decreased body weight
type of tb classification
- presumptive tb : clinical manifestation looks like tb
- TB terkonfirmasi bakteriologis (bta +, biakan+, tcm+)
- TB terkonfirmasi klinis (anak skoring, radiologi+, obat non oat -, ekstraparu terkonfirmasi histopatologis)
pengobatan tb secara klinis hanya dibolehkan pada?
sangat sesuai dengan tb, tb meningitis, tb pericardial, tb miliar, tb adrenal, tb dengan hiv +
klasifikasi tb bdsk anatomy
paru dan ekstraparu
klasifikasi berdasarkan riwayat pengobatan
kasus baru (< 28 dosis)
riwayat obat sebelumnya (sembuh, lengkap, loss to follow up, gagal)
riwayat obat tidak diketahui
klasifikasi bdsk kepekaan OAT
- Monoresisten
- poliresisten (kecuali INH dan R bersamaan)
- MDR (INH dan R bersamaan)
- pre XDR (MDR + resisten quinolone / suntik)
- XDR ( MDR + resisten quinolone + suntik)
- RR (mono, poli, MDR, pre XDR, XDR)
jenis tes biakan dan kepekaan obat
- TCM (gene xpert MTB/RIF) + LPA (1st : gol 1 dan 2 ; 2 : suntik dan quinolon)
- konvensional (LJ 1bulan, MGIT 2 minggu)
alur diagnosis dengan TCM
Presumptive tb - TCM - RS/RO? - RS beri (2HRZE/4RH) ; RO beri sesuai panduan - MTB neg? - cek CXR / tes obat non OAT
hasil tes TCM
Mtb pos :
-Rif sensitive
-Rif resisten
-Rif indeterminate
MTB neg
bagaimana jika indeterminate
ulangi, jika sama berikan 2HRZE/4RH, kirim sampel untuk tes biakan dan sensitivitas
bagaimana jika tidak ada TCM
cek BTA 2 kali
jika + salah satu maka terkonfirmasi bakteriologis pengobatan lini 1
jika - cek CXR atau beri obat non OAT
bagaimana jika RR
berikan dahulu obat RO lalu kirim sampel untuk cek LPA jika MDR/RR lanjut jika XDR berikan regimen individual
bahan sampel TCM
CSF, Gastric lavage, gastric aspirate, biopsi, cairan pleura, pericardial, urin