TBL 25

Question 1

From what are the maxillary, mandibular, and frontonasal prominences derived?

Answer 1

Neural crest-derived mesenchyme in the 1st pair of pharyngeal arches

Question 2

What are nasal placodes?

Answer 2

Bilateral ectodermal thickenings on the frontonasal prominence that create medial and lateral nasal prominences

Question 3

What does the intermaxillary segment form?

Answer 3

Triangular primary palate and portions of the maxilla and upper lip

Question 4

Where does the scalp extend anteriorly, posteriorly, and laterally?

Answer 4

Anteriorly: supraorbital margins
Posteriorly: external occipital protuberance
Laterally: zygomatic arches

Question 5

What is responsible for a facial expression of surprise?

Answer 5

Occipital and frontal bellies of the occipitofrontalis muscle and epicranial eponeurosis

Question 6

What does the facial vein drain?

Answer 6

The face

Question 7

What does the facial vein drain into?

Answer 7

The IJV

Question 8

What is the path of lymph drainage from the parathyroid and thyroid glands?

Answer 8

From parathyroid and thyroid glands to deep cervical lymph nodes, then thoracic and right lymphatic duct, then left and right venous angles

Question 9

What does the parotid gland rest upon?

Answer 9

The masseter muscle covering the ramus of the mandible

Question 10

What bones form the temporal fossa?

Answer 10

Temporal, parietal, frontal, sphenoid

Question 11

What are the attachment sites of the temporalis muscle?

Answer 11

Temporal fossa and coronoid process of the mandible

Question 12

What are the superior, lateral, medial, and anterior boundaries of the infratemporal fossa?

Answer 12

Superior: zygomatic arch
Lateral: ramus of the mandible
Medial: lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone
Anterior: maxilla

Question 13

What are the features of the mandible?

Answer 13

Ramus, angle, body, coronoid process, head and neck of condylar process

Question 14

What are the attachment sites of the masseter muscle?

Answer 14

Zygomatic arch and lateral surface of ramus of mandible

Question 15

What are attachment sites of the lateral pterygoid muscle?

Answer 15

Lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate and neck of condylar process

Question 16

What are attachment sites of the medial pterygoid muscle?

Answer 16

Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate and medial surface of ramus and angle of mandible

Question 17

Which muscle(s) protrude the mandible?

Answer 17

Lateral pterygoid

Question 18

Which muscle(s) elevate the mandible?

Answer 18

Temporalis, masseter, and medial pterygoid

Question 19

Which muscle(s) retract the mandible?

Answer 19

Temporalis and masseter

Question 20

What nerves branch off of CN V3?

Answer 20

Auriculotemporal (scalp superior to the ear, external ear, TMJ, parotid gland)
Long buccal (lateral cheek)
Inferior alveolar (teeth of mandible), terminates as mental nerve (lower lip and chin)

Question 21

Which nerves traverse the foramen ovale?

Answer 21

CN V3 and lesser petrosal of CN IX (glossopharyngeal)

Question 22

What is the path of parasympathetic nerves in CN IX?

Answer 22

Presynaptics traverse foramen ovale, synapse at otic ganglion in infratemporal fossa, postsynaptics carried by auriculotemporal to parotid gland to stimulate secretion

Question 23

What branch of the maxillary artery traverses the foramen spinosum to supply the meninges of the brain?

Answer 23

Middle meningeal artery

Question 24

What traverses the mandibular foramen?

Answer 24

Inferior alveolar nerve and artery

Question 25

Where does the pterygoid venous plexus reside?

Answer 25

Infratemporal fossa

Question 26

What drains into the pterygoid venus plexus?

Answer 26

Veins accompanying branches of the maxillary artery (inferior alveolar and middle meningeal)

Question 27

What does the pterygoid venous plexus empty into?

Answer 27

Deep facial vein, a tributary of facial vein, which empties into IJV