TCVS

Question 1

The most common risk factor associated with thromboangitis obliteralis is _________.

Answer 1

Cigarette smoking

Question 2

Initial treatment for thromboangitis obliterans?

Answer 2

Strict smoking cessation

Question 3

Most common cardiac tumor

Answer 3

Cardiac myxomas

Question 4

Loss of the radial pulse in the arm by rotating head to the ipsilateral side with extended neck following deep inspiration associated with thoracic outlet syndrome

Answer 4

Adson sign

Question 5

FEV1 indicating the ability to tolerate pneumonectomy?

Answer 5

2.0L ( 1.5 L for lobectomy)

Question 6

ABI indicating increased risk of myocardial infarction and indicates significant although asymptomatic , underlying peripheral vascular disease.

Answer 6

<0.90

Question 7

Most common symptom of acute aortic dissection

Answer 7

Pain

Question 8

CABG advantage over PCI.

Answer 8

Three-vessel CAD.
TWO VESSEL CAD with involvement of the left anterior descending artery LAD or stenosis of the left main coronary artery MCA.

Question 9

Vascular conduits used in coronary artery bypass grafts?

Answer 9

Internal thoracic artery
Saphenous vein
Radial artery

Question 10

Pulmonary rehabilitation

Answer 10

Deep breathing exercise
Early mobilization
Incentive spirometry

Question 11

Test necessary to characterize pulmonary nodule number, location, size, margin morphology, calcification pattern, and growth rate of solitary pulmonary nodules?

Answer 11

Chest CT scan

Question 12

Management of transfusion related acute lung injury

Answer 12

Stop transfusion

Question 13

Causes of non-pulmonary thoracic symptoms?

Answer 13

Primary tumor invasion of the vagus nerve and right laryngeal nerve

Question 14

Management of early lung cancer ( T1, T2, and T3 without N1)

Answer 14

Surgical resection via video-assisted lobectomy or pneumonectomy

Question 15

Malignancy affects the pulmonary apex progressively affecting the brachial nerve

Answer 15

Pancoast tumor
Presents with pain and weakness of the arm and hand muscles.

Question 16

Lung cancer least associated with smoking?

Answer 16

Adenocarcinoma

Question 17

Next work up for substernal chest pain after trial of PPI and unremarkable endoscopic findings

Answer 17

Cardiac work up

Question 18

Which is not used during CABG?

Answer 18

Jugular vein

Question 19

On routine pre-employment check up , a 40yo woman was found to have a 1.5 cm circular , peripheral density in her right upper lobe on chest radiograph. What should be the next test to be done for evaluation?

Answer 19

Contrast enhanced CT Scan

Question 20

The most common primary tumor involving the heart is ______?

Answer 20

Myxoma

Question 21

The ideal force expiratory volume 1 second (FEV1) value of a patient with left lung carcinoma who is to undergo pneumonectomy is _______?

Answer 21

2.5L

Question 22

Ankle brachial index value of less than 0.9 is a good measurement to determine a patients risk to develop what disease?

Answer 22

Arterial obstruction
Coronary heart disease

Question 23

What is the most common symptom of acute aortic dissection?

Answer 23

Severe pain

Question 24

Most frequently encountered neoplasm of the anterior mediastinum in adults.

Answer 24

Thymoma

Question 25

Indications for repair of aortic aneurysms in asymptomatic patients w/o connective tissue disorders? (4)

Answer 25

1. Ascending aortic aneurysms >5.5 cm diameter 2. Descending aortic aneurysm >6.5 cm diameter 3. Abdominal aorta >5.5cm 4. Rate of dilatation >1cm / yr for thoracic aorta / >0.5 cm for abdominal aorta

Question 26

What is the Normal aortic diameter?

Answer 26

2-3cm

Question 27

What layer has the Strongest tensile strength of the bowel wall?

Answer 27

Submucosa

Question 28

What layer has the Strongest tensile strength of the GIT wall?

Answer 28

Submucosa

Question 29

What layer has the Strongest tensile strength of the aortic wall?

Answer 29

Tunica mefia

Question 30

Surgical Repair used in hypoplastic left heart syndrome? (3)

Answer 30

1. Norwood 2. Glenn 3. Modified Fontan

Question 31

Palliative Surgical Repair used in TGA ?

Answer 31

Rastelli

Question 32

Surgical Repair used in arterial switch? (2)

Answer 32

1. Senning 2. Mustard

Question 33

Palliative Surgical Repair used in TOF?

Answer 33

Blalock- Taussig Shunt

Question 34

What are the two classification schemes used in aortic dissections?

Answer 34

DeBakey & Stanford Classification System Stanford does not distinguish patients with isolated ascending aortic dissection and patients with dissection involving the entire aorta. DeBakey Type I classification & Type II has the same definition with Stanford A and DeBakey III with Stanford B.

Question 35

What type of Aortic dissection classification which involves the ascending & descending aorta?

Answer 35

DeBakey Type I & Stanford A

Question 36

What type of Aortic dissection classification which involves the ascending aorta only?

Answer 36

DeBakey Type II & Stanford A

Question 37

What type of Aortic dissection classification which involves the descending aorta only?

Answer 37

DeBakey Type III & Stanford B

Question 38

Refers to the dissections that originate distal to the left Subclavian artery but extend proximally and distally , most **above** the diaphragm?

Answer 38

DeBakey Type IIIa

Question 39

Refers to the dissections that originate distal to the left Subclavian artery but extend proximally and distally , most **below** the diaphragm?

Answer 39

DeBakey Type III b