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Teas Test > Teas Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Teas Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

Anatomy

A

study of form

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2
Q

Physiology

A

study of function

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3
Q

Atom

A

smallest form of unique characteristics

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4
Q

Molecules

A

atoms combine to make molecules and have their own chemical characteristics

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5
Q

Molecules form together to create??

A

organelles

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6
Q

Organelles

A

a discrete structure that carry out specific duties within a cell

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7
Q

Organelles combine together to form a ??

A

cell

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8
Q

Cells

A

the basic unit of life

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9
Q

What is the first level of the hierarchy to carry out life processes independently??

A

the cell

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10
Q

Cells with the same function join together to make??

A

tissues

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11
Q

Organ

A

two or more tissues combined together

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12
Q

Organ System

A

a collection of organs that work together to form a task

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13
Q

Organism

A

the 11 organ systems combined

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14
Q

The 4 basic types of tissues are?

A

epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.

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15
Q

What does epithelial tissue do?

A

provides covering, and produces secretions

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16
Q

What does connective tissue do?

A

serves to connect different structures of the body

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17
Q

What does muscle tissue do?

A

dedicated to movement

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18
Q

What are the 3 types muscle tissue?

A

skeletal, smooth and cardiac

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19
Q

What does nervous tissue do?

A

Provides structure for the brain, spinal cord, and nerves

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20
Q

Skeletal muscle is?

A

voluntary

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21
Q

Smooth muscle is?

A

involuntary

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22
Q

Cardiac muscle is?

A

involuntary

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23
Q

What are the 11 organ systems of the human body?

A

circulatory, digestive, endocrine, integumentary, lymphatic, muscular, nervous, reproductive, respiratory, skeletal, and urinary.

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24
Q

Circulatory System

A

Consists of heart, blood and blood vessels. Supports circulation of oxygen and nutrients and other substances throughout the body.

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25
Digestive System
Consists of all organs from the mouth to the anus | Involved in the ingestion and break-down of food
26
Endocrine System
Controls body function through the secretion of hormones | Includes numerous glands
27
Integumentary System
Consists of skin, mucous membranes, hair and nails Protects internal tissues Helps regulate body temperature
28
Lymphatic System
Consists of lymph nodes, lymph vessels, lymph fluid and other accessory organs Supports the immune system
29
Muscular System
Made up of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle | Also includes tendons to connect muscle to bone and ligaments to attach bone to bone
30
Nervous System
Consists of brain, spinal cord and nerves | Serves as body’s control system
31
Reproductive System
Purpose to reproduce offspring to carry on genetic information Specialized between the sexes
32
Respiratory System
Keeps cells supplied with oxygen | Removes carbon dioxide from cells
33
Skeletal System
Consists of all the bones in the body Provides support and protection Supplies a framework for muscles
34
Urinary System
Helps maintain water and electrolyte imbalance Regulates acid-base balance of the blood Removes nitrogen containing waste
35
Anatomical position
a standard position in which the body is facing forward, the feet are parallel and the arms are at the side, palms facing forward
36
Superior
toward the upper end of the body or body surface
37
inferior
toward the lower end of the body or body surface
38
Anterior
towards the front of the body or body structure
39
Posterior
towards the back of the body or body structure
40
Medial
towards the middle of the body or body structure
41
Lateral
toward the outer sides of the body or body structure
42
Intermediate
between medial and lateral
43
Proximal
close to the origin of the body or point of attachment
44
Distal
away from the origin of the body or point of attachment
45
Superficial
toward the body surface
46
Deep
away or below the body surface
47
Sagittal section
cut made along longitudinal line, dividing the body right from left
48
Midsagittal section
sagittal section made down the median of the body
49
Transverse section
cut along the horizontal plane, cutting the body top from bottom
50
Frontal section
cut along the longitudinal plane, cutting the body front from back
51
Dorsal cavity
contains the cranial cavity and the spinal cord
52
Ventral cavity
contains all structure in the chest (thoracic cavity) and the abdomen (abdominal and pelvic cavities)
53
Adaptation
Receive, interpret and respond to stimuli via the nervous system
54
Circulation
transport oxygen and other nutrients to tissues via circulatory system
55
Elimination
Remove metabolic waste via urinary system
56
Locomotion
Voluntary and involuntary movement via musculoskeletal and neurological systems
57
Nutrient
take in and break-down nutrients via digestive system
58
Oxygenation
take in oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from cell via respiratory system
59
Regulation
hormonal control of body function via endocrine system
60
Self-duplication
production of offspring via reproductive system
61
Cardiovascular system is a ???
highway for the entire body
62
Cardiovascular system consists of??
heart, blood vessels and blood
63
The heart does what??
contracts and pumps blood throughout the body
64
Arteries are blood vessels that??
transport away from the heart (blood under high pressure)
65
Veins are blood vessels that??
transport blood to the heart (blood is under low pressure)
66
Capillaries are tiny blood vessels where??
oxygen exchange takes place
67
Where are capillaries found?
where the arteries end and the veins begin
68
How many chambers does the heart have?
4
69
What are the 4 chambers of the heart?
Right and left atria, and the right and left ventricles.
70
How many valves does the heart have?
4
71
What are the valves of the heart?
Right side has tricuspid and pulmonary and the left side has the bicuspid (mitral) and aortic valves
72
What do valves do?
prevent backflow of blood through the heart

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