teas - bio

Question 1

anabolic

Answer 1

reaction is a reaction that uses energy to build molecules the organism need

Question 2

catabolic

Answer 2

reaction breaks down complex molecules into smaller molecules to create energy for the organism to use.

Question 3

Oxidation

Answer 3

is when an element loses one or more electrons to oxygen

Question 4

Reduction

Answer 4

is when an element gains one or more electrons.

Question 5

Cellular respiration

Answer 5

is the process in which a cell takes in oxygen and uses it to break down glucose to create energy in the form of ATP.

Question 6

electron transport chain

Answer 6

oxygen accepts electrons and picks up protons to form water

Question 7

Epithelial tissue

Answer 7

functions as the lining and covering of body surfaces and cavitie

Question 8

Muscle tissue

Answer 8

functions in facilitating voluntary and involuntary movements

Question 9

Connective tissue

Answer 9

responsible for the support and protection of tissues and organs

Question 10

Nerve tissue

Answer 10

responsible for transmitting nerve impulses.

Question 11

White blood cells contain a larger number of _______because they need to dispose of harmful intruders

Answer 11

lysosomes

Question 12

Mitochondria

Answer 12

organelles responsible for generating energy-rich molecules for the cell.

Question 13

Golgi apparatus

Answer 13

collects small molecules and combines them to make more complex molecules

Question 14

Ribosomes

Answer 14

esponsible for protein synthesis. mRNA is translated into proteins by the ribosomes

Question 15

Peroxisomes

Answer 15

break down fatty acids to be used for forming membranes and as fuel for respiration.

Question 16

Ribosomes

Answer 16

sites for protein synthesis.

Question 17

Lysosomes - garbage eaters

Answer 17

organelles that contain digestive enzymes. They digest excess or worn out cell parts, food, and engulfed viruses or bacteria.

Question 18

Osteoblasts

Answer 18

specialized cells that secrete the protein collagen and other substances necessary for bone formation

Question 19

Ribosomes

Answer 19

organelles responsible for protein synthesis, predominant in protein-secreting cells such as osteoblasts.

Question 20

Protein synthesis

Answer 20

two main steps, transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA codons to amino acids

Question 21

ATP production

Answer 21

function of the mitochondria while intracellular digestion is performed by lysosomes.

Question 23

law of segregation

Answer 23

each pair of
alleles segregate randomly during gametogenesis

Question 24

law of dominance

Answer 24

the offspring will
always display the dominant trait in the phenotype
by suppressing the recessive trait.

Question 25

law of independent assortment

Answer 25

traits inherited by the offspring are independent of each other.

Question 26

A lipid or fat molecule can be broken down into fatty acids and __________.

Answer 26

Glycerol

Question 27

Enzymes are biological catalysts that ___________.

Answer 27

Increase the rate of any given reaction

Question 28

What is the relationship between the genetic code and the protein structure?

Answer 28

Proteins are encoded by genetic codes stored in DNA.

Question 29

4 macromolecules

Answer 29

Nucleic acids: Carbohydrates lipid protein

Question 30

the 4 macromolecules and their functions structures

Answer 30

Nucleic acids: Stores and transfers info. Carbohydrates; Store energy, provide fuel, and build structure in body, main source of energy, . Lipid: Insulator and stores fat and energy. Protein: Provide structural support,transport, enzymes, movement, defense

Question 31

celluar organelle responsible for converting nutrient into useable energy in the form of ATP

Answer 31

mitochondria

Question 32

cell cycle phase do cells prepare DNA replication

Answer 32

G1 phase

Question 33

frameshift mutation

Answer 33

the insertion or deletion of nucleotide bases in numbers that are not multiples of three.

Question 34

commensalism

Answer 34

a relationship between individuals of two species in which one species obtains food or other benefits from the other without either harming or benefiting the latter

Question 35

mRNA

Answer 35

molecule carries genetic info from DNA to ribosome for protein synthesis

Question 36

polygenic trait

Answer 36

characteristic, such as height or skin color, that is influenced by two or more genes