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Google IT Support Professional Certificate > Technical Support Fundamentals Glossery > Flashcards

Technical Support Fundamentals Glossery Flashcards

1
Q

404 Not Found

A

An error message you might see on websites that have been moved or deleted

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2
Q

Abstraction

A

To take a relatively complex system and simplify it for our use

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3
Q

Address bus

A

Connects the CPU to the MCC and sends over the location of the data

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4
Q

Algorithm

A

A series of steps that solves specific problems.

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5
Q

Android

A

A mobile operating system based on Linux

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6
Q

Application

A

A computer program designed for a specific use

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7
Q

Application software

A

Any software created to fulfill a specific need

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8
Q

ARPANET

A

The earliest version of the Internet that we see today

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9
Q

ASCII

A

The oldest character encoding standard used is ASCII. It represents the English alphabet

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10
Q

Assembly language

A

A language that allowed computer scientists to use human readable instructions

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11
Q

ATA

A

The most common interface that hard drives use to connect to our system ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended)

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12
Q

Backward compatible

A

It means older hardware works with newer hardware

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13
Q

Binary system

A

The communication that a computer uses is referred to as binary system

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14
Q

Bios (Basic Input Output Services)

A

The BIOS is software that helps initialize the hardware in our computer and gets our operating system up and running

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15
Q

BIOS/UEFI

A

A low-level software that initializes our computer’s hardware to make sure everything is good to go

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16
Q

Block storage

A

It improves faster handling of data because the data isn’t stored in one long piece but in blocks

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17
Q

Boot

A

To start up a computer

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18
Q

Bootloader

A

A small program that loads the operating system

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19
Q

Browser

A

A user interface for displaying and interacting with web pages

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20
Q

BYOD (Bring Your Own Device)

A

Refers to the practice of allowing people to use their own personal devices for work

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21
Q

Byte

A

A group of 8 bits

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22
Q

Cache

A

The assigned stored location for recently or frequently accessed data; on a mobile app it is where anything that was changed or created with that app is stored

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23
Q

Character encoding

A

Is used to assign our binary values to characters so that we as humans can read them

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24
Q

Charge cycle

A

One full charge and discharge of a battery

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25
Q

Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)

A

Regulates the information we show to children under the age of 13

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26
Q

Chipset

A

It decides how components talk to each other on our machine

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27
Q

Chrome OS

A

A Linux-based operating system designed by Google

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28
Q

Clients

A

A device that receives data from a server

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29
Q

Clock cycle

A

When you send a voltage to the clock wire

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30
Q

Clock speed

A

The maximum number of clock cycles that it can handle in a set in a certain time period

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31
Q

Clock wire

A

When you send or receive data

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32
Q

Coding

A

Translating one language to another

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33
Q

Command Line Interface (CLI)

A

A shell that uses text commands to interact with the operating system

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34
Q

Compiled programming language

A

A language that uses human readable instructions

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35
Q

Computer

A

A device that stores and processes data by performing calculations

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36
Q

Computer file

A

Data that we store and a file can be anything

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37
Q

Copyright

A

Used when creating original work

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38
Q

CPU

A

Central processing unit

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39
Q

CPU sockets

A

A CPU socket is a series of pins that connect a CPU’s processor to the PC’s motherboard

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40
Q

Cryptography

A

The overarching discipline that covers the practice of coding and hiding messages from third parties

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41
Q

DARPA

A

A US government project in the 1960s that went on to create the earliest version of the Internet that we see today

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42
Q

Data blocks

A

Data that can be broken down into many pieces and written to different parts of the hard disk

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43
Q

Data sizes

A

Metrics that refer to data sizes including bit

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44
Q

DDR SDRAM (Double Data Rate SDRAM)

A

A type of RAM that is faster

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45
Q

Decimal form- base 10 system

A

In the decimal system

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46
Q

Desktop

A

The main screen where we can navigate our files

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47
Q

DIMM

A

Dual Inline Memory Module

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48
Q

Display port

A

Port which also outputs audio and video

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49
Q

Distribution

A

A version of the operating system

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50
Q

Distributions

A

Some common Linux distributions are Ubuntu

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51
Q

Domain Name System (DNS)

A

A global and highly distributed network service that resolves strings of letters

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52
Q

DRAM

A

Dynamic Random Access Memory

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53
Q

Drivers

A

The drivers contain the instructions our CPU needs to understand external devices like keyboards

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54
Q

DVI

A

DVI cables generally just output video

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55
Q

Electrostatic discharge

A

Electrostatic discharge is a sudden and momentary flow of electric current between two electrically charged objects caused by contact

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56
Q

Error message

A

Helpful indicators that can point you in the right direction

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57
Q

Etcher.io

A

A tool you can use to load an install image onto your USB device and make it bootable

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58
Q

Ethernet cable

A

It lets you physically connect to the network through a cable .exe

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59
Q

Expansion slots

A

Give us the ability to increase the functionality of our computer External Data Bus (EDB)

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60
Q

Factory reset

A

Resetting a device to the settings it came with from the factory

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61
Q

Fiber optic cable

A

Fiber optic cables contain individual optical fibers which are tiny tubes made of glass about the width of a human hair. Unlike copper

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62
Q

File extension

A

The appended part of a filename that tells us what type of file it is in certain operating systems

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63
Q

File handling

A

A process of storing data using a program

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64
Q

File system

A

A system used to manage files

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65
Q

Finder

A

The file manager for all Macs

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66
Q

Firmware

A

Software that’s permanently stored on a computer component Folders/Directories

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67
Q

Form factor

A

A mathematical way to compensate for irregularities in the shape of an object by using a ratio between its volume and height

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68
Q

GIT

A

A version control system that helps keep track of changes made to files and directories

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69
Q

Globalization

A

The movement that lets governments

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70
Q

Hard drive

A

It is a long term memory component that holds all of our data

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71
Q

Hardware

A

External or internal devices and equipment that help you perform major functions

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72
Q

Hardware resource deficiency

A

It refers to the lack of system resources like memory

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73
Q

HDD (Hard disk drive)

A

Hard disk drives

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74
Q

HDMI

A

A type of cable that outputs both video and audio

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75
Q

Heatsink

A

It is used to dissipate heat from our CPU

76
Q

HFS+/APFS

A

HFS+ is a journaling system developed by Apple Inc. and APFS is another but more encrypted Apple journaling system

77
Q

Hostname

A

Used to identify the computer when it needs to talk to other computers Hubs

78
Q

Information technology

A

The use of digital technology

79
Q

Input/Output device

A

A device that performs input and output

80
Q

Install image

A

A downloadable operating system image used to install an operating system on a device

81
Q

Instruction set

A

A list of instructions that our CPU is able to run

82
Q

Internet

A

A worldwide system of interconnected networks

83
Q

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)

A

Where website names are registered

84
Q

Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4)

A

An address that consists of 32 bits separated into four groups

85
Q

Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6)

A

An address that consist of a 128 bits

86
Q

Internet service provider (ISP)

A

A company that provides a consumer an internet connection

87
Q

Internet of Things (IoT)

A

The concept that more and more devices are connected to the internet in a smarter fashion such as smart thermostats that turn off the air conditioner when you leave and turn it on when you come back

88
Q

Interpreted programming language

A

A language that isn’t compiled ahead of time I/O management

89
Q

IP address

A

The most common protocol used in the network layer

90
Q

ITX (Information Technology eXtended)

A

A form factor for motherboards that is much smaller than ATX boards

91
Q

Kernel

A

The main core of an operating system that creates processes

92
Q

Land Grid Array (LGA)

A

It is a type of CPU socket that stick out of the motherboard

93
Q

Lightning adaptor

A

One of the standard power

94
Q

Linux OS

A

Linux is one of the largest an open source operating system used heavily in business infrastructure and in the consumer space

95
Q

Logic gates

A

Allow transistors to do more complex tasks

96
Q

Logs

A

Files that record system events on our computer

97
Q

MAC address

A

A globally unique identifier attached to an individual network interface. It’s a 48- bit number normally represented by six groupings of two hexadecimal numbers

98
Q

Mac OS

A

Apple’s operating system

99
Q

Mb/s

A

megabit per second

100
Q

Memory controller chip (MCC)

A

A bridge between the CPU and the RAM

101
Q

Memory usage

A

The amount of memory available in your system as well as what memory is currently being used by other applications

102
Q

Memory management

A

One of the functions that a kernel performs; it optimizes memory usage and make sure our applications have enough memory to run

103
Q

Metadata

A

Tells us everything we need to know about a file

104
Q

Micro display port

A

One of the standard power

105
Q

Micro HDMI

A

One of the standard power

106
Q

Micro USB

A

One of the standard power

107
Q

Microsoft Terminal Services Client

A

A client program used to create RDP connections to remote computers

108
Q

Mini HDMI

A

One of the standard power

109
Q

Mini USB

A

One of the standard power

110
Q

Motherboard

A

The body or circulatory system of the computer that connects all the pieces together

111
Q

Network

A

The interconnection of computers

112
Q

Network Address Translation (NAT)

A

A mitigation tool that lets organizations use one public IP address and many private IP addresses within the network

113
Q

Network stack

A

A set of hardware or software that provides the infrastructure for a computer Networking

114
Q

Networking protocols

A

A set of rules for how we transfer data in a network Northbridge

115
Q

NVMe (NVM Express)

A

interface standard which allows greater throughput of data and increased efficiency.

116
Q

Open SSH

A

The most popular program to use SSH within Linux

117
Q

Open Source

A

This means the developers will let other developers share

118
Q

Operating system

A

The whole package that manages our computers resources and lets us interact with it

119
Q

Overclocking

A

it increases the rate of your CPU clock cycles in order to perform more tasks

120
Q

PC

A

It means personal computer

121
Q

PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)

A

Allows computing to go mobile

122
Q

Peripherals

A

the external devices which we connect to our computer that add functionality

123
Q

Permission denied

A

An error message you might find when accessing a protected file Pin Grid Array (PGA)

124
Q

Plink (PuTTY Link)

A

A tool built into the command line after PuTTY is installed that is used to make remote SSH connections

125
Q

Ports

A

Connection points that we can connect devices to that extend the functionality of our computer

126
Q

POST (Power On Self Test)

A

It figures out what hardware is on the computer Powershell

127
Q

Process management

A

The capacity to manage the many programs in a system - when to run them

128
Q

Process scheduler

A

The part of the kernel that makes multitasking possible Programming

129
Q

Programming language

A

Special languages that software developers use to write instructions for computers to execute

130
Q

Programs

A

Basic instructions that tell the computer what to do

131
Q

Punch cards

A

A sequence of cards with holes in them to automatically perform calculations instead of manually entering them by hand

132
Q

Qwiklabs

A

An online platform which provides training in cloud services

133
Q

RAM

A

Random Access Memory

134
Q

Registers

A

An accessible location for storing the data that our CPU works with

135
Q

Reimaging

A

The process of reimaging involves wiping and reinstalling an operating system using a disk image which is a copy of an operating system

136
Q

Remote connection

A

The ability to connect an authorized person to a computer or network remotely; allows us to manage multiple machines from anywhere in the world

137
Q

Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)

A

A secure network communication protocol developed by Microsoft that allows a user to connect to another device remotely

138
Q

Return merchandise authorization (RMA)

A

The process of receiving returned merchandise and authorizing a refund

139
Q

RGB model

A

RGB or red

140
Q

Router

A

A device that knows how to forward data between independent networks RPM

141
Q

SATA

A

The most popular serial ATA drive

142
Q

Safe operating temperature

A

The temperature range in which rechargeable batteries must be kept in order to avoid demanage

143
Q

Scalability

A

The measure of a system’s ability to increase or decrease in performance and cost in response to varying loads in system processing demands

144
Q

SDRAM

A

It stands for Synchronous DRAM

145
Q

Server logs

A

Text files that contains recorded information about activities performed on a specific web server in a defined period of time

146
Q

Servers

A

Devices that provide data to other devices that request that data

147
Q

Scripting

A

Coding in a scripting language

148
Q

Script

A

It is run by an interpreter

149
Q

Scripts

A

Mainly used to perform a single or limited range task

150
Q

Shell

A

A program that interprets text commands and sends them to the OS to execute Standoffs

151
Q

SOC (System On a Chip)

A

Packs the CPU

152
Q

Software

A

The intangible instructions that tell the hardware what to do

153
Q

Software bug

A

An error in software that causes unexpected results

154
Q

Software management

A

A broad term used to refer to any and all kinds of software that are designed to manage or help manage some sort of project or task

155
Q

Southbridge

A

It maintains our IO or input/output controllers

156
Q

SSH (Secure shell)

A

A protocol implemented by other programs to securely access one computer from another.

157
Q

SSH authentication key

A

A secure authentication method for accessing a computer from other device

158
Q

SSH client

A

A program you must have installed on your device in order to establish an SSH connection with another device

159
Q

SSH server

A

Software installed on a machine that allows for that device to accept an SSH connection

160
Q

Standardization

A

A systematic way of naming hosts

161
Q

Swap space

A

The allocated space where the virtual memory is stored on the hard drive when the amount of physical memory space is used up or full

162
Q

SSD

A

Solid State Drive

163
Q

Switches

A

Devices that help our data travel

164
Q

System

A

A system refers to a group of hardware components and software components that work together to fun the programs or processes in the computer

165
Q

System settings

A

Settings like display resolution

166
Q

System software

A

Software used to keep our core system running

167
Q

Task bar

A

It gives us quick options and shows us information like network connectivity

168
Q

Terminal

A

A text based interface to the computer

169
Q

Thermal paste

A

A substance used to better connect our CPU and heat sink

170
Q

Time slice

A

A very short interval of time that gets allocated to a process for CPU execution

171
Q

Transfer Control Protocol (TCP)

A

A protocol that handles reliable delivery of information from one network to another

172
Q

Troubleshooting

A

The ability to diagnose and resolve a problem

173
Q

Type-C connector

A

A type of USB connector meant to replace many peripheral connections

174
Q

Ubuntu

A

The most popular Linux consumer distribution

175
Q

UEFI

A

United Extensible Firmware Interface

176
Q

USB (Universal Serial Bus)

A

A connection standard for connecting peripherals to devices such as computers

177
Q

USB-C adapter

A

One of the standard power

178
Q

UTF-8

A

The most prevalent encoding standard used today

179
Q

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

A

A web address similar to a home address User name

180
Q

User space

A

The aspect of an operating system that humans interact with directly like programs

181
Q

Virtual Box

A

An application you can use to install Linux and have it completely isolated from your machine

182
Q

Virtual machine (VM)

A

An application that uses physical resources like memory

183
Q

Virtual memory

A

A combination of hard drive space and RAM that acts like memory which our processes can use

184
Q

VPN (Virtual private network)

A

A secure method of connecting a device to a private network over the internet

185
Q

WannaCry Attack

A

A cyber attack that started in Europe and infected hundreds of thousands of computers across the world

186
Q

Wireless networking (Wi-Fi)

A

Networks you connect to through radios and antennas

187
Q

World Wide Web (WWW)

A

The information system that enables documents and other web resources to be accessed over the Internet

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