tectonic hazards 1.3

Question 1

What is a tectonic plate?

Answer 1

A tectonic plate is a massive slab of solid rock that makes up Earth’s lithosphere.

Question 2

True or False: People only live in tectonic areas due to natural disasters.

Answer 2

False: People live in tectonic areas for various reasons including fertile soil and economic opportunities.

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The boundary where two tectonic plates meet is called a __________.

Answer 3

fault line

Question 4

What is the primary cause of earthquakes?

Answer 4

The primary cause of earthquakes is the movement of tectonic plates.

Question 5

How can earthquakes affect infrastructure?

Answer 5

Earthquakes can cause buildings to collapse, roads to crack, and bridges to fail.

Question 6

Which type of tectonic boundary is associated with earthquakes?

Answer 6

Transform boundaries.

Question 7

What are volcanic eruptions primarily caused by?

Answer 7

Volcanic eruptions are primarily caused by the movement of magma from within the Earth’s crust.

Question 8

Multiple Choice: What is one positive effect of living near a volcano? A) Destruction of property B) Fertile soil C) High earthquake risk

Answer 8

B) Fertile soil

Question 9

True or False: All volcanic eruptions are explosive.

Answer 9

False: Some volcanic eruptions are effusive, resulting in lava flows rather than explosions.

Question 10

What is the term for the area around a volcano that is affected by its eruptions?

Answer 10

Impact zone.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: Earthquakes are measured using a __________.

Answer 11

seismometer

Question 12

What is a tsunami and how is it related to earthquakes?

Answer 12

A tsunami is a large ocean wave caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions.

Question 13

What role does population density play in the impact of earthquakes?

Answer 13

Higher population density increases the potential for casualties and property damage during earthquakes.

Question 14

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a secondary effect of volcanic eruptions? A) Ashfall B) Earthquake C) Tsunami

Answer 14

A) Ashfall

Question 15

What is one reason people might choose to live in earthquake-prone areas despite the risks?

Answer 15

Job opportunities in industries such as technology or tourism.

Question 16

True or False: Volcanic eruptions can lead to climate change.

Answer 16

True: Large eruptions can release ash and gases that affect global temperatures.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: The __________ scale measures the magnitude of an earthquake.

Answer 17

Richter

Question 18

What is the main benefit of geothermal energy derived from volcanic activity?

Answer 18

It provides a renewable and sustainable energy source.

Question 19

What can be a long-term effect of a major volcanic eruption on local communities?

Answer 19

Displacement of populations and changes in land use.

Question 20

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a reason people live in tectonic areas? A) Natural resources B) Cultural heritage C) Frequent natural disasters

Answer 20

C) Frequent natural disasters

Question 21

What is liquefaction in the context of earthquakes?

Answer 21

Liquefaction is a phenomenon where saturated soil loses strength and behaves like a liquid during an earthquake.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: A __________ is a volcanic eruption that produces lava flows.

Answer 22

effusive eruption

Question 23

What is one way to mitigate the effects of earthquakes in urban areas?

Answer 23

Implementing stricter building codes and retrofitting existing structures.

Question 24

True or False: The effects of a volcanic eruption are only immediate.

Answer 24

False: The effects can be long-lasting, impacting agriculture, air quality, and climate.

Question 25

What scale is commonly used to measure the magnitude of earthquakes?

Answer 25

The Richter scale.

Question 26

True or False: The moment magnitude scale (Mw) is more accurate for measuring large earthquakes than the Richter scale.

Answer 26

True.

Question 27

Fill in the blank: The ________ measures the energy released at the source of an earthquake.

Answer 27

moment magnitude.

Question 28

What is the primary method used to determine the location of an earthquake's epicenter?

Answer 28

Triangulation using seismic wave data.

Question 29

Which type of seismic wave is the fastest?

Answer 29

P-waves (Primary waves).

Question 30

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a measure of earthquake magnitude? A) Richter scale B) Moment magnitude scale C) Modified Mercalli Intensity scale

Answer 30

C) Modified Mercalli Intensity scale.

Question 31

What does the Modified Mercalli Intensity scale measure?

Answer 31

The intensity of shaking and damage caused by an earthquake.

Question 32

True or False: The intensity of an earthquake can vary based on distance from the epicenter.

Answer 32

True.

Question 33

What is a seismograph?

Answer 33

An instrument that records the motion of the ground during an earthquake.

Question 34

Fill in the blank: The ________ is a measure of the ground shaking experienced at a specific location during an earthquake.

Answer 34

intensity.

Question 35

What is an aftershock?

Answer 35

A smaller earthquake that occurs after a larger earthquake in the same area.

Question 36

Multiple Choice: Which of the following factors does NOT affect the strength of an earthquake? A) Depth of the focus B) Distance from the epicenter C) Time of day

Answer 36

C) Time of day.

Question 37

What is the difference between magnitude and intensity in the context of tectonic events?

Answer 37

Magnitude measures the energy released at the source, while intensity measures the effects of the earthquake at specific locations.

Question 38

True or False: Earthquake magnitude is a logarithmic scale.

Answer 38

True.

Question 39

Fill in the blank: The ________ scale measures the effects of an earthquake based on observations and reports.

Answer 39

Modified Mercalli Intensity.