Tectonic Hazards. 😊 Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is a hazard?
A perceived natural event that has the potential to threaten both life and property
What is a disaster?
The reality of a hazard happening when it causes a significant impact on a vulnerable population
What does deggs model suggest about a disaster?
Must be a disaster if it kills over 10 people or affects over 100 people
Definition of a risk?
The probability of a hazard occurring that leads to the loss of lives
Definition of vulnerability?
The ability to cope
Definition of resilience?
The ability to protect/recover
What are primary effects?
Effects that occur as a direct result of the ground shaking
What are secondary effects?
Occur after the initial earthquake
Name 3 secondary effects (human)
- homeless people
- spread of disease
- fires
Name 3 secondary effects (physical)
- liquefaction
- tsunami
- landslides
Which causes the most damage shallow or deep earthquakes?
Shallow earthquakes- big waves
Where can you find a Wadati- Benioff zone?
At the area of subduction- area of seismic activity
What is a wadati- Benioff zone?
Zone that extends 700km deep from the surface that determines the size of an earthquake
What causes a landslide?
- when slopes weaken and fall downwards
- caused by destructive earthquakes
What affects a landslide?
Soil structure and season
What destruction can it cause? X3
Destruction of homes, injury, disruption to services and transport
What is liquefaction?
- when the ground behaves as a liquid as the shaking destabilises the soil
What causes liquefaction?
Water pressure in the soil increases so the soil particles have more space to move easily
What damage does liquefaction cause? X4
Blocked roads, transport issues, disruption to sewage services and infrastructure
