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Question 1

Rickettsia species infecting humans in Canada

Answer 1

R. rickettsii

Possibly R. typhi and R. prowazekii

Question 2

Rickettsia species that can cause fatal disease

Answer 2

R. rickettsii (4-23%)
R. prowazekii (13%)
R. conorii (21% of hospitalized)
R. typhi (4% of hospitalized)

Question 3

Rickettsia species able to produce a latent infection (recrudescence years later)

Answer 3

R. prowazekii

“Brill-Zinsser disease”

Question 4

Rickettsia spp. causing a CENTRIPETAL maculopapular rash with palm/plantar involvement (i.e. wrists and ankles to extremities to trunk)

Answer 4

R. rickettsii

Question 5

Rickettsia spp. causing a CENTRIFUGAL maculopapular rash, with NO palm/plantar involvement (i.e. trunk to extremities)

Answer 5

R. prowazekii, R. typhi

Question 6

Rickettsia spp. causing a maculopapular rash with an ESCHAR

Answer 6

R. conorii

R. parkeri (but sometimes vesicular)

Question 7

Rickettsia spp. causing a VESICULAR rash with eschar

Answer 7

R. africae
R. akari
R. australis
R. parkeri (but sometimes maculopapular)

Question 8

What general symptoms would make you think of Rickettsia spp.?

Answer 8

FEVER
RASH (most; MP to vesicular)
HEADACHE
Myalgia
Arthralgia
Malaise
Abdo pain
Nausea

Question 9

What shape are Borrelia spp.?

Answer 9

Spirochete (corkscrew)

Question 10

What shape are Anaplasma spp.?

Answer 10

Pleomorphic

Question 11

What shape are Ehrlichia spp.?

Answer 11

Pleomorphic

Question 12

What shape are Orientia spp.?

Answer 12

Coccobacilli

Question 13

What shape are Rickettsia spp.?

Answer 13

Coccobacilli

Question 14

What’s missing from the cell wall of Borrelia spp.?

Answer 14

LPS

Question 15

What’s missing from the cell wall of Anaplasma spp.?

Answer 15

LPS

PG

Question 16

What’s missing from the cell wall of Ehrlichia spp.?

Answer 16

LPS

PG

Question 17

What’s missing from the cell wall of Orientia spp.?

Answer 17

LPS

PG

Question 18

What’s missing from the cell wall of Rickettsia spp.?

Answer 18

Nothing

Rickettsia have both LPS and PG

Question 19

What cell types do Anaplasma multiply in?

Answer 19

PMNs

Question 20

What cell types do Ehrlichia multiply in?

Answer 20

Monocytes

Except E.ewingii = PMNs

Question 21

What cell types do Orientia multiply in?

Answer 21

Monocytes

Question 22

What cell types do Rickettsia multiply in?

Answer 22

Vascular endothelial cells

Question 23

What is the vector that transmits Orientia spp.?

Answer 23

Chigger mite

Question 24

What is the vector that transmits Ehrlichia spp.?

Answer 24

Non-Ixodes ticks

Question 25

What is the vector that transmits Anaplasma spp.?

Answer 25

Ixodes ticks

Question 26

What is the vector that transmits Borrelia/Borreliella spp.?

Answer 26

Ticks (usually Ixodes, but not exclusively) Exception: B.recurrentis = body lice.

Question 27

What is the approximate genome size of the obligate intracellular bacteria (e.g. Rickettsiales)?

Answer 27

1-2 Mb

Question 28

What are the member species of Borreliella burgdorferi sensu lato?

Answer 28

B. burgdorferi B.afzelii B.garinii B.mayonii (B. = Borreliella)

Question 29

What is the vector that transmits Borrelia recurrentis?

Answer 29

Human body louse | Pediculus humanis corporis

Question 30

What are the 2 species of Anaplasma that can cause human infections?

Answer 30

A. phagocytophilum | A. capra

Question 31

What are the 3 species of Ehrlichia that can cause human infections?

Answer 31

E. chaffeensis E. ewingii E. muris subsp. eauclairensis

Question 32

What are the species of Borrelia that can cause relapsing fever?

Answer 32

LOUSE-BORNE: B.recurrentis ``` TICK-BORNE: B.hermsii B.turicatae B.parkeri B.miyamotoi ... ```

Question 33

What are the 2 species of Orientia that can cause human infections?

Answer 33

O. tsutsugamushi | O. chuto

Question 34

What are the species of Borreli(ell)a that can cause Lyme disease?

Answer 34

B. burgdorferi sensu stricto B.afzelii B.garinii B.mayonii (B. = Borreliella)

Question 35

What are the species of Rickettsia that can cause murine typhus?

Answer 35

R. typhi

Question 36

What are the species of Rickettsia that can cause epidemic typhus?

Answer 36

R. prowazekii | Epidemic typhus, a.k.a. louse-borne typhus

Question 37

What are the species of Rickettsia that can cause louse-borne typhus?

Answer 37

R. prowazekii | Epidemic typhus, a.k.a. louse-borne typhus

Question 38

What are the species of Rickettsia that can cause spotted fever?

Answer 38

``` R. africae R. australis R. conorii R. japonica R. parkeri R. rickettsii R. felis ... ```

Question 39

What vectors can transmit relapsing fever?

Answer 39

Ticks | Lice for B.recurrentis

Question 40

What vectors can transmit Lyme disease?

Answer 40

Ticks

Question 41

What vectors can transmit Human Granulocytotrophic Anaplasmosis?

Answer 41

Ticks | Attached for a few hours

Question 42

What vectors can transmit Human Monocytotropic Ehrlichiosis?

Answer 42

Ticks | Attached for >36h

Question 43

What vectors can transmit Scrub typhus?

Answer 43

Chigger mite

Question 44

What vectors can transmit Murine typhus?

Answer 44

Fleas

Question 45

What vectors can transmit Epidemic typhus?

Answer 45

Human body louse

Question 46

What vectors can transmit Rickettsial spotted fevers?

Answer 46

Ticks | R.felis = Fleas

Question 47

What vectors can transmit Rickettsial pox?

Answer 47

Mite

Question 48

What are the species of Rickettsia that can cause Rickettsial pox?

Answer 48

R. akari