Temperament

Question 1

Thomas & Chess (1977) longitudinal study

Answer 1

• Parent report of child’s behavior on various dimensions
• 3 classifications
• –Easy babies (40%) – adjust to new situations, establish routines, cheerful and easy to calm
• –Difficult babies (10%) – slow to adjust to new experiences, react negatively to stimuli and events
• –Slow-to-warm-up babies (15%) – difficult at first, become easier over time
• –Other

Question 2

Describe the Marshmallow task and what is it designed to measure?

Answer 2

Child, waits in room, option to eat M right away or wait until person comes back then receives a 2nd marshmallow

Question 3

Temperament: Mary Rothbart’s model (2007, 2011) : What it is and how it was tested?

Answer 3

focuses on three dimensions:
Extraversion/surgency
Negative affectivity
Effortful control
EXAMPLE:
–buzzlight year toy: take it away, see child’s reaction; approach to object (grab it or not)
–box, locks it with toy inside, an incentive for the child, says you can have whatevers is in the box if they can open it; gives child key (fake key), child reaction to it