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Anatomy Module IV > Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) > Flashcards

Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

bony structure of the TMJ

A

Articualar eminence / tubercles
MAndibualr fossa
condyle
mandible

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2
Q

TMJ

A

site of articualation between the mandible and the skull

modified hinge joint

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3
Q

Three components of the TMJ’s modified hinge joint

A

the articular eminence and tubercles of temporal bone
mandibular fossa of temporal bone
the condyle of the mandible

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4
Q

where are the articular eminence and tubercles associated with TMJ?

A

On the temporal bone

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5
Q

purpose of the articular eminence on the temporal bone

A

limiting forward movement of the condyle

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6
Q

Mandibular Fossa of the temporal bone

A

unique part of the synovial joint where where it is COVERED WITH DENSE FIBROUS TISSUE WITH CHONDROCYTES - movement here and subjected to force, so we have extra protective layer of fibrous tissue
- more like fibro cartilage than hyaline

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7
Q

what is the posterior aspect of the mandibular fossa?

A

SQUAMOTYPMANIC (lateral) and PETROTYMPANIC (more medial) fissures - demarcating squamous and petrous portions of the temporal bone
the post-glenoid tubercle

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8
Q

borders of the mandibular fossa

A

lateral
medial
posterior
anterior

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9
Q

lateral border of mandibular fossa

A

zygomatic process of the temporal bone

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10
Q

medial border of the mandibular fossa

A

spine of the sphenoid bone

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11
Q

anterior border of the mandibular fossa

A

articular eminence

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12
Q

posterior border of the mandibular fossa

details

A

squamotympanic fissure (more lateral aspect)
Petrotympanic fissure - this is more medial
fissures that going across the boundaries of the squamous and petroud portions of the temporal bone

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13
Q

squamotympanic fissure

A

separates the mandibular fossa of the squamous portion of the temporal bone from the tympanic plate of the temporal bone

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14
Q

petrotympanic fissure

A

‘small island of petrous bone’ appears within the MEDIAL half of the suture and complicates the nomenclature. The medial half of the fissure BECOMES THE PETROTYMPANIC FISSURE adjacent to the small wedge of petrous temporal bone

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15
Q

what passes through the petrotympanic fissure?

A

branch of CN VII – the chorda tympani leading it into the INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA where it is positioned medial to the spine of the sphenoid and courses anteriorly to JOIN THE LINGUAL NERVE to which it contributes GVE, SA, and GVA fibers

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16
Q

mandibular condyle components

A

medial and lateral poles
neck of condyle
articular surface of the condyle *

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17
Q

long axis of condyles is angled how?

A

posteriorly

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18
Q

neck of the condyle

A

connects the condyle to the ramus of the mandible

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19
Q

articular surface od the condyle

A

DENSE FIBROUS TISSUE, WITH ISOLATED GROUPS OF CHONDROCYTES AND LITTLE SURROUNDING MATRIX

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20
Q

bone formation type of the condyles and how you know

A

INTRAMEMBRANEOUS ossification because it has isolates groups of chondrocytes on it

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21
Q

external oblique line

A

serves as attachment site for the depressor anguli oris and majority is on the body

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22
Q

mental foramen

A

note its location on the mandibular body - lateral and anterior
inferior to the second pre molar

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23
Q

Gonial angle

A

angle between the posterior part of the ramus and the inferior border of the body of the mandible

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24
Q

antegonial angle

A

junction of the ramus and body of the mandible

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25
Digastric fossa
internal feature of the mandible TWO - found on the anterior internal aspect just above the inferior border and they are small depression on either side of the midline and reflect the bondy origins of the ANTERIOR BELLY OF THE DIGASTRIC MUSCLE
26
Mental spine (genial tubercles) (MS)
internal feature of the mandible lies in the middle superior to the digastric fossae. there may be four separate spines or a fused spine attached to the upper aspect of the spine is the ORIGIN OF THE GENIOGLOSSUS MUSCLE attached to the lower aspect is the origin of the GENIOHYOID MUSCLE
27
attached to upper aspect of the mental spine attached to the lower aspect of the mental spine?
origin of the genioglossus muscle lower = origin of the geniohyoid muscle
28
sublingual fossa
shallow concavity above the mylohyoid line that accomodates the sublingual gland
29
submandibular fossa
located below the mylohyoid line and accomodates the submandibular gland
30
mylohyoid ridge/line
raised line that runs OBLIQUELY from the lateral aspect of the digastric fossae to the area below the lingual alveolar crest of the LAST MANDIBULAR molar it is the origin of the MYLOHYOID MUSCLE
31
mandibular foramen
is an oblique opening at the midpoint of the rectangular ramus of the mandible a few millimeters below the occlusal line of the mandibular molars
32
mandibular canal
continuation of the mandibular foramen deep into the mandible CARIES THE INFERIOR ALVEOLAR NERVE AND ARTERY to the mandibular teeth. canal runs inferior and anterior through the body and ramus just below the roots of the mandibular teeth cutaneous branches of the nerve and artery pass to the facial aspect of the mandible through the MENTAL FORAMEN
33
lingula
tongue-like projectoin of bone guarding the superoanterior border of the mandibular foramen. could potentially interfere with anesthetic injections of the inferior alveolar nerve at the mouth of the mandibular foramen
34
attachement for sphenomandibular ligament
lingula on internal feature of the mandible
35
mylohyoid sulcus/groove
is a narrow groove that runs downward and forward from the inferior border of the mandibular foramen NERVE TO MYLOHYOID MUSCLE IN THIS GROOVE
36
internal oblique line, or temporal crest
buttressing ridge of bone on the internal surface of the ramus it begins indistinctly on the coronoid process and slopes downward and forward
37
what happens as the internal oblique line approaches the last molar?
divides to pass around the last molar, and the divisions becoming CONTINUOUS WITH THE BUCCAL AND LINGUAL ALVEOLAR CRESTS the enclosed triangle is the RETROMOLAR TRIANGLE
38
retromolar fossa
depression between the anterior border of the ramus and the temporal crest
39
shape of articular disc and some details
bi-concave and this shape allows flexibility in the disc so it can conform during TMJ motion and results in the disc being self-centered it is INTRAARTICULAR and fibrocadtilagenous and suspended within joint capsule to stay in place as the joint capsule divides into two separate spaces and disc suspended by the lamellae
40
articular disc divides..
divides the joint into two separate compartments - superior and inferior
41
superior and inferior sheets or lamellae
the disc is ATTACHED TO THE INNER PERIPHERY OF THE ARTICULAR CAPSULE BY THE SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR SHEETS/LAMELLAE that continue superiorly and inferiorly to blend with the walls of the capsular ligament
42
description of the superior and inferior lamella
superior is more elastic and the inferior is primarily collagen
43
joint capsule intrinsic ligaments of the TMJ
capsular ligament and the lateral/temporomandibular ligament unique in that they are not completely separate structures but regions of the capsule - thickenings of the joint capsule all synovial joints have fibrous capsule that encloses the joint surfaces
44
capsular ligament and the lateral/temporomandibular ligamen
reinforcements WITHIN REGIONS of joint capsule and they prevent excessive movements in the lateral and posterior directions preventing dislocation posteriorly
45
extrinsic ligaments
stylomandibular ligament and sphenomandibular ligament | named for their attachements
46
stylomadnibular ligament
runs from the styloid process to the angle of the mandible and limits protrusion (coming from back so limits the protrusive movements)
47
sphenomandibular ligament
runs from the spine of the sphenoid to the lingula of the mandible supports weight of the mandible and prevents excessive lateral movements of the mandible
48
movements of mandible
elevation(closing), depression (opening), protrusion, retrusion, lateral excursion (deviation)
49
Hinge and gliding at the TMJ
movements of the mandible hinge = in the inferior os lower joint compartment translation/gliding takes place in the upper joint compartmentn upon opening both condyle and the disc translate forward to sit on the articular eminence
50
``` Temporalis muscle action bilateral unilateral innervation ```
muscle of mastication attachments - temporal fossa and tip of coronoid process, ramus of mandible action bilateral - elevation, retrusion of mandible unilateral - ipsilateral deviation and holds onto the position of the mandible innervation - deep temporal branches
51
what covers the temporalis
covered by a thick sheet of fascia, the temporalis fascia
52
Masseter Muscle ``` attachments action bilateral unilateral innervation ```
muscle of mastication attachments - outer and inner surfaces of the zygomatic bone and arch and angle, and lateral surface of ramus of mandible action bilateral - elevation, protrusion of mandible unilateral - ipsilateral deviation innervation - masseteric nerve
53
lateral pterygoid muscle ``` attachments action bilateral unilateral innervation ```
muscle of mastication attachments superior head - greater wing of sphenoid bone inferior head - lateral pterygoid plate both - capsule, disc, condyle action bilateral - depresses (opens) , and protracts mandible unilateral - contralateral deviation innervation - lateral pterygoid nerves ONLY MUSCLE THAT OPENS/ DEPRESSES MANDIBLE
54
``` Medial pterygoid muscle attachments action bilateral unilateral innervation ```
muscle of mastication attachments - lateral pterygoid plate, tuberosity of maxilla and medial ramus of mandible, inferior to the mandibular foramen - on internal aspect action bilateral - elevation, protrusion unilateral - contralateral deviation innervation - medial pterygoid nerve
55
medial and lateral pterygoid muscles both come off of?
lateral pterygoid plate
56
nerve supply to TMJ
Most of it is supplied by sensory branches of teh AURICULOTEMPORAL NERVE and a smalll anterior portion is supplied by sensory fibers usually arising from the masseteric branches of V3
57
pain impulses from TMJ?
the posterior and posterolateral regions of the joint capsule contain free nerve endings and conduct pain impulses from the joint *this is part of a feedback mechanism to protect against excessive mandibular movements
58
what is in the retrodiscal inferior lamella regarding nerves?
contains PROPRIOCEPTIVE MECHANORECEPTORS THAT DETECT CONDYLAR MOVEMENT AND POSITION - also providing feedback on pain and forces/ pressure
59
blood supply to the TMJ
articular branches arise from the SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL ARTERY to supply most of the joint - this is a terminal branch from the external carotid artery additionally there are small arterial twigs from muscular branches of the maxillary artery (also a terminal branch of the external carotid artery) that supply the ANTERIOR aspect of the joint
60
how would you reposition a dislocated mandibular condyle?
HAVE TO PUSH DOWNWARD PRESSURE FIRST TO GET BELOW THE ARTICULAR EMINENCE - then should re position itself also have to do this one side at a time
61
muscles palpated in the TMJ region?
Temporalis and masseter
62
examine TMJ from anterior and posterior
anterior - just anterior to the ear | posterior - place fingers inside ears, and press gently anteriorly

Anatomy Module IV (12 decks)

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