Tendons Flashcards
(42 cards)
What structures are involved in a Tibialis tendon condition?
Tibialis posterior muscle
Passes through the medial maleolous
What are the symptom of a Tibialis posterior injury?
Flat feet
Pain and swelling along medial foot and ankle
Abnormal wear on shoes
What is the mechanism of injury for a tibialis posterior injury?
Repeated micro trauma where the tendon travels through the medial malleolous
Eversion of the subtaler joint causes the heel to move into valgus and push on the tendon
How would you test for a tibialis posterior tendon injury?
Pain on palpation of the tendon
Plants flexion, and inversion strength
What structures are involved in an Achilles tendon tear?
The Achilles tendon catches the gastrocnemius and Soleus to the calcaneous of the foot
Heel fat pad protects the calcaneus from the tendon rubbing on it
It’s the strongest thickest and largest tendon in the body
The tendon is spiral naturally at the distal end of the tendon, creating an area of concentrated stress, allowing force transmission
What are the symptoms of an Achilles tendon tear?
Swelling
Loss of range of motion
Pain pain
Unable to plant flex
How does Achilles tendon tear occur?
Sudden plantar flexion of the foot during knee extension, such as starting a sprint or jump
Sudden of violent Dosie, flexion of the foot
Usually a complete rupture
Repetitive contractions of the calf muscles, overtime, needed, degeneration, and eventually rupture
How would you test for an Achilles tendon tear?
Thompson test
What structures are involved in a flexor hallucis longest tendinopathy?
The flexor hallucis longest muscle
The distal tendon wraps around the tibia talus and sustemtaculumtali and passes through the fibrous, synovial, lined tunnel
The tendon is surrounded by its own synovium sheath
The muscle flexes the big toe and stabilises the first metatarsal head, keeping the distal toe in contact with the ground during to off
What are the symptoms of a flexor hallucis longest tendinopathy?
Posterior medial ankle pain
Clicking or a grating sensation
How does a flexor hallucis longest tendinopathy occur?
Forced and repetitive plant flexion of the foot
Thickening Of the tendon can lead to impingement in the posterior ankle tunnel
Repetitive compression of the tendon onto the bones. It passes over can lead micro trauma.
How would you test for a flexor hallucis longest tendinopathy?
Thickening of the tendon on Palpation
Limited flexion
What structures are involved in a glute med tendinopathy?
Glute med muscle
Hip abduction and medial rotation
Stabilises the hip
How does a glute med tendinopathy occur?
ITB compresses the glute med tendon during abduction
Greater q ankle increases compression
How would you test for glute med tendinopathy?
Resisted hip abduction
Resisted de rotation
What’s involved in a quadriceps tendon injury?
Quadriceps muscles
What are the symptoms of a quadriceps tendon strain?
Anterior knee pain
Pain when loading quads
Pain with stairs
Pain with squatting
How does a quadriceps strain occur?
Repetitive tendon load
Sudden eccentric contraction of quads
Excessive stretching
Activation of maximally stretched muscle
What is involved in a hamstring tendon strain?
Hamstring muscles
Long proximal distal tendons
During swing phase of walking they are maximally stretched then generate maximum tension
Contract eccentrically to decelerate hip flexion
What are the symptoms of hamstring strain?
Pain in stretch or contraction
Morning stiffness
Swelling and bruising
Loss of rom
How does a hamstring strain occur?
Dysfunction between quads and hamstrings Biceps femoris most common due to big stretch
Excessive lengthening of muscle during hip flexion and knee extension - Semimembranosus
String quads and weak hamstrings
What is involved in medial epicondylitis?
Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion point for the wrist and finger flexors
Flexor carpi radialis and Pronator teres most common
What are the symptoms of medial epicondylitis?
Pain at medial epicondyle
Pain up or down the arm
Stiffness or weakness of wrist and hand
How would you test for medial epicondylitis?
Modified milking manoeuvre
