Flashcards in Teratology Deck (17):
1
Most common fetal anomaly from cyclophosphamide?
Missing or hypoplastic digits
2
What are the fetal effects of ACE inhibitors?
No structural malformations from first trimester exposure have been noted.
Most commonly there is late-onset growth restriction and oligo followed by profound and prolonged neonatal hypotension and anuria.
The most severe consequence is renal tubular dysgenesis which causes early onset oligo, pulmonary hypoplasia and limb contractures.
Hypocalvaria is also strongly linked to ACE inhibitor exposure.
3
Which of the following medications are contraindicated in breastfeeding?
Cyclosporine, PTU - ok, Warfarin, Phenytoin
4
Anticonvulsants that should be avoided in pregnancy, at least in first trimester
Valproic acidPhenytoinCarbamazepinePhenobarbitalTopiramatePrimidoneTrimethadione
5
Overall rate of major fetal malformations with phenobarbital
6.00%
6
Overall rate of major fetal malformations with lamotrigine
3.00%
7
Overall rate of major fetal malformations with carbamazepine
3.00%
8
Fetal malformations associated with carbamazepine
CraniofacialFingernail hypoplasiaDevelopmental delayNeural tube defects
9
Overall rate of major fetal malformations with valproic acid
10.00%
10
Fetal malformations associated with valproic acid
Neural tube defects (1-2%)Cleft lip/palateDevelopmental delayHypospadiasCardiac malformationsEndocrine disorders
11
Fetal malformations associated with phenytoin
Fetal hydantoin syndrome:Prenatal & postnatal growth deficiencyMicrocephalyDysmorphic faciesMental deficiencyCleft lip/palate
12
How common is fetal hydantoin syndrome
May be seen in 11% of infants exposed to phenytoin in utero, but 30% may have lesser degrees of impairment
13
Fetal malformations associated with topiramate
Oral cleftsIncreased risk of low birth weight
14
Fetal malformations associated with lamotrigine
Facial clefts
15
Which is more teratogenic: valproic acid or carbamazepine?
Valproic acid
16
Valproic acid + ___ is particularly teratogenic.
Lamotrigine
17