Terminologies in Introduction to Pharmacology Flashcards
(20 cards)
WHAT IS PHARMACOLOGY?
study of drugs and their interaction with living things which
encompasses the physical, and chemical properties , biochemical and physiologic effects
DEFINE CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
study of drugs in human for patients and healthy
volunteers
it is the use of drugs to diagnose, prevent or treat disease
PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS
DEFINE DRUG.
any chemical that can affect living processes
HOW ITS EXPLAIN. RESPECT FOR PERSONS/ AUTONOMY
treated as independent persons capable
of making decisions in their own best
interests, right to self-determination
WHAT ARE 2 CLASSIFICATION OF BENEFICENCE
a) Informed consent includes mutual sharing
of information, expresses respect to
persons, gains active involvement in care
and respects the right to selfdetermination
b) Risk-benefit ratio – physical, psychological
and social risks must be identified and
weighed against the benefits
DEFINE JUSTICE IN ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
requires that the selection of
research subjects be fair
it describes the drug’s chemical structure
CHEMICAL NAME
its official, nonproprietary name, not owned by any company and
universally accepted
GENERIC NAME
it is proprietary name, chosen by the drug company and registered
as trademark
TRADE/ BRAND NAME
PROVIDE ALL DEFINITIONS OF S.A.F.E.R
S – speak up
A - ask questions
F – find the facts
E – evaluate your
choices
R – read labels
WHAT IS PHARMACOKINETICS
Derived from two Greek words,
Pharmakon (drug or poison) and kinesis
(motion)
• study of the movement of the drug
throughout the body
What are those 4 Processes include PHARMACOKINETICS
- Absorption
- Distribution
- Metabolism
- Excretion
DEFINE ABSORPTION
Transmission of medications from
the location of administration to
the bloodstream
3 Principles of Absorption
• The rate of medication
absorption determines how soon
the drug will take effect
• Amount of medication absorbed
determines its intensity
• Route of administration affects
the rate and amount of
absorption
WHAT IS BIOAVAILABILITY
• Refers to the percentage of
administered drug available
for activity
• The bioavailability of oral
drugs are affected by
absorption and first-pass
effect while lV drugs are
100%
DEFINE STEADY STATE
plateau drug level,
amount of drug administered is equal to
the amount being eliminated (optimal
therapeutic effect), approx. 4 half lives
DEFINE LOADING
giving a large initial dose so
therapeutic effect is achieved while a
steady state is reached
DEFINE MAINTENANCE
dose needed to
maintain drug concentration at a steady
state, consistent dosing and interval
DEFINE PHARMACODYNAMICS
• Study of the effects of the
drugs on the body
• Drugs act within the
body to mimic the
actions of the body’s own
chemical messengers
