terminology

Question 1

why does anatomical position exist

Answer 1

to allow doctors and health care professionals to describe body structures in relation to each other in a consistent, standardised way

Question 2

describe anatomical position

Answer 2

the body is erect with feet together the palms face forward and the thumbs are pointed away from the body

Question 3

sagittal plane

Answer 3

vertical line dividing the body into a right and left section

Question 4

midsagittal plane

Answer 4

vertical line dividing the body into equal right and left parts

Question 5

coronal plane

Answer 5

a vertical line dividing the body into an anterior and posterior section

Question 6

transverse plane

Answer 6

a horizontal line which divides the body into a superior and inferior section

Question 7

rostral/cranial

Answer 7

towards the head

Question 8

caudal

Answer 8

towards the back/tail

Question 9

bilateral

Answer 9

involving both sides of the body

Question 10

unilateral

Answer 10

involving one side of the body

Question 11

ipsilateral

Answer 11

on the same side of the body

Question 12

contralateral

Answer 12

on opposite sides of the body

Question 13

parietal

Answer 13

relating to a body cavity wall

Question 14

visceral

Answer 14

relating to the organs within the body cavities

Question 15

axial

Answer 15

around a central axis

Question 16

intermediate

Answer 16

between two structures

Question 17

right and left

Answer 17

the patients right and left not yours

Question 18

prone

Answer 18

lying on the stomach

Question 19

supine/recumbent

Answer 19

lying on the back

Question 20

trunk

Answer 20

body minus the 4 limbs

Question 21

median

Answer 21

the midline of the body structure

Question 22

superficial

Answer 22

nearer the surface of the body or structure

Question 23

deep/internal

Answer 23

further away from the surface of the body structure

Question 24

dorsal cavity

Answer 24

spinal and cranial cavities

Question 25

ventral cavity

Answer 25

thoracic and abdomino-pelvic cavities

Question 26

abdomino-pelvic cavity

Answer 26

abdominal and pelvic cavities

Question 27

upper limbs

Answer 27

shoulder arm forearm wrist hand

Question 28

lower limbs

Answer 28

gluteal region thigh leg ankle foot

Question 29

flexion

Answer 29

decreases the angle between two body parts pulling two body parts together

Question 30

extension

Answer 30

increases the angle between two body parts pulling two body parts away from each other

Question 31

abduction

Answer 31

movement away from the midline

Question 32

adduction

Answer 32

movement towards the midline

Question 33

adduction

Answer 33

movement towards the midline

Question 34

circumduction

Answer 34

combination of flexion, extension, abduction adduction

Question 35

medial rotation

Answer 35

rotational movement towards the midline

Question 36

lateral rotation

Answer 36

rotating movement away from the midline

Question 37

elevation

Answer 37

movement in a superior direction

Question 38

depression

Answer 38

movement in an inferior direction

Question 39

protraction

Answer 39

the forward movement of the shoulder

Question 40

retraction

Answer 40

the backward movement of the shoulder

Question 41

pronation

Answer 41

radius rotates over ulna

Question 42

supination

Answer 42

radius and ulna are parallel

Question 43

opposition

Answer 43

movement of the thumb and little finger toward eachother

Question 44

reposition

Answer 44

return to anatomical position

Question 45

dorsiflexion

Answer 45

extension of the ankle/foot so that the foot points more superiorly

Question 46

plantarflexion

Answer 46

flexion of the ankle/foot so that the foot points inferiorly

Question 47

inversion

Answer 47

movement of the sole towards the median plane so that the sole faces a medial direction

Question 48

eversion

Answer 48

involves the movement of the sole away from the median plane so that the sole faces a lateral direction