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Dental Anatomy & Occlusion > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

(69 cards)

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1
Q

Mastication

A

Process of chewing, increases surface area so digestive enzymes can break down faster

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2
Q

Heterodont

A

Teeth of different types (humans)

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3
Q

Homodont

A

Teeth of only one type (most vertebrates)

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4
Q

Monophyodont

A

Having only one set of permanent teeth without the deciduous dentition (Beluga whale)

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5
Q

Diphyodont

A

Having 2 successful sets of teeth (mammals)

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6
Q

Deciduous set of teeth

A

First set of teeth

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7
Q

Polyphyodont

A

Teeth are continuously shed and replaced during lifetime, having multiple sets of teeth (shark)

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8
Q

How many teeth in primary dentition?

A

Usually 20

Centrals, laterals, canines, first molars, second molars

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9
Q

What is the labeling of the primary dentition?

A

A-J for maxillary

K-T for mandibular

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10
Q

Mixed dentition

A

Starts as permanent teeth start to erupt while primary teeth are still present

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11
Q

What is the age range for mixed dentition? What is the common first and last teeth?

A

6 (first molar erupts)

12 (canines)

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12
Q

Succedaneous teeth

A

Permanent teeth that replace deciduous teeth

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13
Q

How many succedaneous teeth are there?

A

20

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14
Q

The primary molars are replaced with the ___.

A

Permanent premolars

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15
Q

Exfoliation

A

The normal loss of primary teeth after loss of their root structure

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16
Q

Resorption

A

The breakdown and subsequent loss of the root structure of a tooth

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17
Q

Describe the process of resorption and exfoliation

A

As permanent tooth descends down / grows, it puts pressure on the root (resorption), when root is all the way gone, the primary tooth exfoliates

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18
Q

Succedaneous tooth

A

The permanent tooth that replaces a deciduous tooth

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19
Q

Deciduous tooth

A

The primary tooth that erupts first in the mouth

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20
Q

What separates anterior and posterior teeth?

A

Posterior teeth are those after the canines

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21
Q

What is the function of incisors?

A

Cut

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22
Q

What is the function of canines?

A

Tear

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23
Q

What is the function of premolars?

A

Chew

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24
Q

Which occurs first: resorption or exfoliation?

A

Resorption

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25
What is the function of molars?
Grinding
26
Universal system of permanent teeth
1-32
27
Universal system of primary teeth
A-T
28
Palmer notation system
Each quadrant starts at midline 1-8 (permanent) and A-E (primary)
29
Identify the left mandibular second premolar in palmer notation and universal system
Palmer: #5 of Q3 Universal: #20
30
Identify the right mandibular lateral incisor in deciduous dentition for palmer and universal notation
Palmer: B of Q4 Universal: Q
31
Federation dentaire international
Quadrant # then palmer tooth # Primary quandrants are 5-8
32
Identify the right maxillary second molar using federation dentaire international notion
17
33
Identify the primary right mandibular first molar using federation dentaire international notion
84
34
What is the crown covered with?
Enamel
35
Apical foramen
Opening at the end of the root where blood and nerve supply enters
36
The root is covered with?
Cementum
37
What makes up enamel?
90% inorganic material
38
What makes up dentin?
70% organic material
39
The ___ and ___ make up the pulp cavity.
Pulp chamber, pulp canals
40
Gingival papillae
Gingival tissue in the interproximal space
41
What are the surfaces of the interproximal space?
``` Triangle Alveolar bone (base) Proximal surface of teeth (sides) Contact area (tip) Filled with gingiva (gingival papillae) ```
42
Cingulum
Lingual lobe of anterior teeth Makes up bulk of cervical third
43
Mamelons
Rounded projections on incisal ridge of anterior primary teeth Get shorter and smoother with function
44
Tubercle
Enamel only elevation on crown of tooth
45
What makes up a tubercle?
Enamel only
46
Which tooth has an oblique ridge?
Maxillary molars
47
What are the margins of the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth?
Marginal ridges (mesial and distal) and cusp ridges (buccal and lingual)
48
Differentiate fossa, pits, sulcus, and grooves
Fossa - rounded irregular depression Pit - pointed depression (deepest part of fossa) Sulcus - linear depression Groove - deepest line in sulcus
49
What is the difference between a lobe and a tubercle?
Lobes contain enamel, dentin, and pulp, while tubercles are enamel only
50
Curve of Wilson
Curves mediolaterally from frontal view Touches buccal and lingual cusp of posterior teeth Mandible should be concave Maxillary should be convex
51
Curve of Spee
Curves anterior to posterior in a profile view (side) Should be flat or slightly concave Touches buccal cusp tips of posterior teeth
52
The curve of Wilson should be ___ for the mandibular arch and ___ for the maxillary arch.
Concave, convex
53
The Curve of ___ goes mediolaterally and the Curve of ___ goes anterior to posterior.
Wilson | Spee
54
What makes up the periodontium?
Gingiva Periodontal ligaments Cementum Alveolar bone
55
Which structure of the periodontium is visible clinically in healthy conditions?
Gingiva
56
Free gingiva
Surrounds cervical area of a tooth, smooth Aka marginal / unattached
57
Attached gingiva
Firmly attached to alveolar bone, width can vary, continuous with free gingiva, has stippled texture
58
What is the texture difference between free gingiva and attached gingiva? What causes this difference?
Free gingiva is smooth while attached gingiva has a stippled texture due to the poreous alveolar bone it is attached to
59
Free gingiva groove
Line between the free and attached gingiva
60
Micro-gingival junctions
Area where attached gingiva turns into alveolar mucosa
61
Alveolar mucosa
Located apical to attached gingiva, looks smooth, shiny, and darker (purplish) color due to blood vessels moving into the apical foramen Is thin, delicate, and loosely attached
62
Gingival sulcus
Space between tooth and free gingiva Starts at gingival margin and ends at junctional epithelium
63
Periodontal ligament
Surrounds root of tooth, attaches cementum to alveolar bone Cushions the tooth to occlusal forces (like trampoline) Made up of a network of fibers Sharpey's fibers - terminal portion of periodontal ligament fibers that inserts into the cementum and bone
64
Sharpey's fibers
terminal portion of periodontal ligament fibers that inserts into the cementum and bone
65
Cementum
Exterior layer of root, calcified, allows attachment of periodontal ligament to tooth
66
Frenum
Narrow band of tissues that attaches movable parts of gum to fixed structure Attach the lips and cheeks to gingiva and underlying bone
67
Alveolar bone
Forms and supports socket of the teeth Alveolar process
68
Alveolar process is made up of what?
External plate: compact bone Inner socket wall: alveolar bone proper (lamina dura) Cancellous trabeculae: supporting alveolar bone
69
What are the attachment structures of the periodontium?
Cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone

Dental Anatomy & Occlusion (4 decks)

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