Terms #1 Flashcards
(25 cards)
atom
the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element
molecule
the simplest structure unit of an element or compound
element
any of the more than 100 know substances that cannot separate into simpler substances and that singly or in combination constitute all matter
ion
a particle that is electrically charged (positively or negatively)
atomic number
the order of the elements in Mendeleyev’s table
ionic bond
a chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other atom gain and electron to form a negative ion
covalent bond
a chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule
hydrogen bond
a chemical bond consisting of a hydrogen atom between two electronegative atoms with one side be a covalent bond and the other side being an ionic bond
polar
attracts water
nonpolar
fears water
cohesion
the intermolecule force that holds together the molecules in a solid or liquid
surface tension
a phenomenon at the surface of a liquid caused by intermolecular forces
adhesion
The force of attraction between unlike molecules, or the attraction between the surfaces of contacting bodies.
capillary action
f a capillary tube is made of glass or any other substance that is polar, water will spontaneously climb up inside it without having to be pumped in any way. The smaller the tube, the higher the water climbs. The attraction is so great between the water molecules and the molecules of the tube that water will climb in defiance of the force of gravity.
universal solvent
A substance capable of dissolving all or a large variety of substances.
homeostasis
The tendency of an organism or a cell to regulate its internal conditions, usually by a system of feedback controls, so as to stabilize health and functioning, regardless of the outside changing conditions
solution
A type of homogenous mixture in which the particles of one or more substances (the solute) are distributed uniformly throughout another substance (the solvent).
homogeneous
Consisting of or composed of similar elements or ingredients, of a uniform quality throughout.
solute
the thing being into the solvent
solvent
the thing the solute is dissolved into
acid
pH of 0-6
base
pH of 8-14
pH scale
scale used for measuring how acidic or basic something is
indicator
an event that characterizes a pre-described environment
