Terms #2

Question 1

organic

Answer 1

something that contains the element carbon

Question 2

inorganic

Answer 2

doesn’t contain carbon

Question 3

monomer

Answer 3

The simplest unit, or the repeating unit, of a polymer.

Question 4

polymer

Answer 4

A compound made up of several repeating units (monomers)

Question 5

carbohydrate

Answer 5

simple, quick sugar

Question 6

monosaccharide

Answer 6

he simplest form of carbohydrate; therefore, it cannot be broken down to simpler sugars by hydrolysis.

Question 7

disaccharide

Answer 7

A sugar (carbohydrate) composed of two monosaccharides, thus yields two monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis.

Question 8

polysaccharide

Answer 8

A complex carbohydrate composed of a chain of monosaccharides joined together by bonds

Question 9

glycogen

Answer 9

energy found in the liver, lasts you for 20 minutes

Question 10

cellulose

Answer 10

The fibrous carbohydrate found in the cell walls of green plants, some algae and oomycetes. It provides strength and rigidity to plant cells.

Question 11

chitin

Answer 11

A polymer of nitrogen-containing polysaccharide [(C8H13O5N)n] rendering a tough, protective covering or structural support in certain organisms.

Question 12

lipid

Answer 12

A fatty or waxy organic compound that is readily soluble in nonpolar solvent (e.g. ether) but not in polar solvent (e.g water). Its major biological functions involve energy storage, structural component of cell membrane, and cell signaling.

Question 13

hydrophilic

Answer 13

attracts water

Question 14

hydrophobic

Answer 14

water fearing

Question 15

saturated fat

Answer 15

solid at room temperature

Question 16

unsaturated fat

Answer 16

liquid at room temperature

Question 17

triglyceride

Answer 17

type of lipid that increases your risk of heart disease

Question 18

phosphilipid

Answer 18

the type of lipid found in cell membranes

Question 19

amino acid

Answer 19

the monomer of a protein

Question 20

dipeptide

Answer 20

a combination of two amino acids by means of a peptide link.

Question 21

polypeptide

Answer 21

another name for a protein

Question 22

nucleic acid

Answer 22

store genetic information

Question 23

nucleotide

Answer 23

The basic building block of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA. It is an organic compound made up of nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate group.

Question 24

enzyme

Answer 24

type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions

Question 25

catalyst

Answer 25

A substance capable of initiating or speeding up a chemical reaction.

Question 26

denature

Answer 26

Of, or pertaining to, a molecule (such as a protein or a nucleic acid) wherein its chemical structure is altered through chemical or physical means so that some of its original properties are lost or diminished.

Question 27

activation energy

Answer 27

the energy required to get a chemical reaction started

Question 28

reactants

Answer 28

the things that start a chemical reaction

Question 29

products

Answer 29

the things that are yielded in a chemical reaction

Question 30

substrate

Answer 30

The substance acted upon by an enzyme.