Terms Flashcards
(43 cards)
Alkane naming
“ane”, single bonds
Alkene naming
“ene” suffix, double bond
Alkynes naming
“yne suffix, triple bond
Cyclic naming
Cyclo prefix, longest chain
Aromatic naming
Benzene, phenyl when branch
Alcohol naming
“Ol” suffix, Add OH
Haloalkenes naming
“Fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, prefix, lowest branch # to halogen
Aldehydes naming
“Al” suffix, longest chain with carbonyl, C1 is carbonyl, double bonded oxygen with hydrogen on C1
Ketones naming
“One” suffix, longest chain with carbonyl, central atom has double bonded O
Carboxylic acid naming
“Oic acid” suffix, c1 must contain terminal carboxyl (double bonded O and OH)
Esters naming
“oate” suffix, parent chain must contain double bonded O and single bonded O (central carboxyl)
Ethers naming
“oxy”, need # for more than 2 carbons, longest chain, ) in between carbons making branch
Amines naming
“amine” suffix, longest chain with nitrogen, nitrogen and max two hydrogens attached
Amide naming
“amide” suffix, c1 contains amide # in front of amide, double bonded O and max two hydrogens with nitrogen
Organic compound
Carbon atoms bonded to each other
Inorganic compound
Does not contain carbon atoms
Isomers
molecules that have the same molecular formula but different atom arrangement
Saturated
Contains only single bonds
Unsaturated
Contains double or triple bonds
Addition Reaction
Add atoms to an alkene or alkyne, creating one product
Elimination Reaction
Remove atoms to create an alkene or alkane, creates two products
Substitution Reaction
Replace one atom with another atom. Occurs in alkanes, aromatics, alcohols, and haloalkanes. A hydrogen atoms or a function group is replaced with another functional group.
Condensation Reaction
Produces water. 3 main types:
Alcohol + alcohol –> ether + water
Carboxylic acid + alcohol –> ester + water
Carboxylic acid + amine –> amide + water
Hydrolysis Reaction
the reverse of condensation, water is a reactant.
