Terms and Concepts

Question 1

any organization/device that includes input, process, and output features

Answer 1

System

Question 2

can be used to control external devices having inputs and outputs as a series of voltages

Answer 2

microprocessor

Question 3

due to being prone to moisture and abrasions, microprocessors are encapsulated by _____

Answer 3

plastic or ceramic

Question 4

the size, shape, and number of pins of a microcontroller depends on ____

Answer 4

amount of data it can handle

Question 5

an electronic circuit fabricated out of a solid block of semiconductor material. often called solid state circuit, allows for very complex circuits to be constructed in a small volume

Answer 5

Integrated circuits

Question 6

particular microprocessor based system that can be used as a computer

Answer 6

microcomputer

Question 7

a complete microprocessor based control system built into a single chip. a small and convenient but doesn’t do anything that coudn’t be done with a microprocessor

Answer 7

microcontroller

Question 8

MPU

Answer 8

Microprocessor unit

Question 9

performs actual numerical and logical operations

Answer 9

Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)

Question 10

the results of ALU are stored in ____

Answer 10

Accumulators

Question 11

set of instructions in the form of binary pattern

Answer 11

Machine language/machine code

Question 12

also known as assembly language, is a human-readable representation of machine code instructions

Answer 12

mnemonics

Question 13

conversion of assembly-level language into binary machine-level language

Answer 13

assembler

Question 14

how many registers does an 8085 microprocessor have

Answer 14

6 registers (B,C,D,E,H,L)

Question 15

group of flip-flops, where each flip-flop stores one bit of information. its basic function is to hold information in a digital system and make it available to the logic elements for the computing process

Answer 15

registers

Question 16

number of bits in a register is called _____

Answer 16

width

Question 17

action of puting data into memory

Answer 17

writing

Question 18

getting the data out of memory

Answer 18

reading

Question 19

a special register in a computer’s processor that contains individual binary flags or status bits. These flags reflect the outcomes or conditions resulting from the execution of instructions. Each flag represents a specific condition, such as the result of an arithmetic operation or the state of a specific flag bit.

Answer 19

flag register

Question 20

a 16-bit register that deals with sequencing the execution of instructions. also a memory pointer, used to point the memory address from which the next byte is to be fetched

Answer 20

program counter

Question 21

it points to a memory location in R/W memory called stack. special register in a computer’s processor that keeps track of the top or current position of the stack in the system’s memory

Answer 21

Stack Pointer

Question 22

8-bit register that temporarily stores the current instruction of a program

Answer 22

instruction register/decoder

Question 23

generates signals on data bus, address bus, and control bus within microprocessors to carry out the instruction that has been decoded

Answer 23

Control Unit

Question 24

is a single binary digit.

Answer 24

Bit

Question 25

group of wires/lines that carry similar information.

Answer 25

Bus

Question 26

group of wires/lines used for communication between the microprocessor and peripherals.

Answer 26

system bus

Question 27

number of bits that can be stored in a register or memory element is called

Answer 27

memory word

Question 28

It carries the address, which is a unique binary pattern used to identify a memory location or an I/O port.

Answer 28

address bus

Question 29

used to transfer data between memory and processor or between I/O device and processor.

Answer 29

data bus

Question 30

carry control signals, which consists of signals for selection of memory or I/O device from the given address, direction of data transfer and synchronization of data transfer in case of slow devices.

Answer 30

control bus

Question 31

among the three buses (address, control, and data), which on is unidirectional

Answer 31

address bus

Question 32

process of specifying the data to be operated on by instruction

Answer 32

addressing

Question 33

time taken by the processor to complete the execution of an instruction. consist of 1 to 6 cycles

Answer 33

instruction cycle

Question 34

time required to complete 1 operation

Answer 34

machine cycle

Question 35

time corresponding to 1 clock period. the basic unit to calculate execution of instructions

Answer 35

t-state

Question 36

first step in the execution of any instruction

Answer 36

opcode fetch machine cycle

Question 37

mechanism by which the processor is made to transfer control from its current program execution to another program having higher priority

Answer 37

interrupt

Question 38

address of memory where Interrupt Service Routine(ISR) is located

Answer 38

Interrupt Vector Address (IVR)

Question 39

type of interrupt that requires the IVA to be supplied by external device that gives interrupt signal

Answer 39

Vectored interrupts

Question 40

type of interrupt that has a fixed IVA for ISRs of different interrupt signals

Answer 40

Non-vectored interrupt

Question 41

type of interrupt that can be blocked

Answer 41

maskable interrupt

Question 42

type of interrupt that are always recognized

Answer 42

non-maskable interrupt

Question 43

type of interrupt that are special instructions, after execution transfer the control to predefined ISR

Answer 43

Software interrupt

Question 44

A 16-bit binary number refers to the basic data size or bit size that can be processed by the arithmetic and logic unit of the processor.

Answer 44

Word

Question 44

type of interrupt that are signals given to the processor, for recognition as an interrupt and execution of the corresponding ISR

Answer 44

Hardware Interrupt

Question 45

8085 instruction set includes eight software interrupt instructions called

Answer 45

Restart (RST) instructions

Question 46

used to mask/unmask RST hardware interrupts

Answer 46

SIM (set interrupt mask) instruction

Question 47

used to read the status of the interrupt mask bits

Answer 47

RIM (read interrupt mask) instruction

Question 48

the longest instruction of 8085 takes __ clock periods

Answer 48

18

Question 49

interrupt signal must be applied at least __ clock periods

Answer 49

17.5