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AP Environmental Science > Terrestrial Biomes > Flashcards

Terrestrial Biomes Flashcards

1
Q

Tundra Key Features

A

poorly developed soils, permafrost, found at high latitudes or high altitudes

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2
Q

Tundra Climate Description

A

short and soggy summers; long cold and dark winters; low precipitation

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3
Q

Tundra Dominant Plants

A

ground-hugging plants such as mosses, lichens, sedges, and short grasses

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4
Q

Tundra Locations

A

Alaska, Russiam Canada, Sweden, Finland, and Greenland

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5
Q

Tundra Human Impact

A

Fragile biome affected by climate change and oil and gas piplines

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6
Q

Tundra Animals

A

Caribou, Arctic Fox, Snowy owl, Musk ox, Ermine

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7
Q

Tropical Seasonal Forest (Savanna) Climate Description

A

warm temperatures, seasonal rainfall

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8
Q

Tropical Seasonal Forest (Savanna)
Key Features

A

fertile soil compacted by grazing animals, seasons due to moving ITCZ, large herds of migrating animals follow seasonal precipitation

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9
Q

Tropical Seasonal Forest (Savanna) Dominant Plants

A

tall, perennial grasses, some drought-tolerant and fire resistant trees or shrubs

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10
Q

Tropical Seasonal Forest (Savanna) Locations

A

Zimbabwe, Indochina, Bolivia, Tanzania, Namibia, India

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11
Q

Tropical Seasonal Forest (Savanna) Human Impact

A

Converson to land for agriculture and graing, hunting , poaching, mining, recreation, and tourism

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12
Q

Tropical Seasonal Forest (Savanna) Animals

A

African elephant, Black mamba, Baboon, Emu, and Mongoose

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13
Q

Subtropical Desert Climate Description

A

Low precipitation, variable temperatures

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14
Q

Subtropical Desert Key Features

A

Soils rich in minerals but poor in organic material, low resistance and resilience, low diversity, very low productivity

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15
Q

Subtropical Desert Dominant Plants

A

Cacti and other succulents, creosote bush and other plants with short growth cycles

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16
Q

Subtropical Desert Locations

A

Arizona, Egypt, Angola, Mexico, Iran, Saudi Arabia

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17
Q

Subtropical Desert Human Impact

A

Use of ATV’s, military exercises, drilling for oil, mining, nuclear waste disposal

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18
Q

Subtropical Desert Animals

A

Armadillo, Jackrabbit, Gila monster, Kangaroo rat, Fennec fox

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19
Q

Temperate Grassland Climate Description

A

warm to hot summers, cold winters, moderate seasonal precipitation

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20
Q

Temperate Grassland Key Features

A

fertile soils, also called pampas, prairies, or steppes, dry windy conditions cause fires that prevent tree growth, productive

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21
Q

Temperate Grassland Dominant Plants

A

lush, perennial (short and tall) grasses and herbs; most are resistant to drought, fire, and cold

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22
Q

Temperate Grassland Locations

A

South Dakota, Oklahoma, Kansas, Hungary, Uruguay, Ukraine

23
Q

Temperate Grassland Human Impact

A

Agriculture, grazing, urbanization, habitat fragmentation, hunting, and poaching

24
Q

Temperate Grassland Animals

A

Prairie dog, Badger, Prairie vole, Fox squirrel, Mink

25
Q

Tropical Rainforest Climate Description

A

Hot and wet year-round

26
Q

Tropical Rainforest Key Features

A

thin nutrient-poor soils, rapid decomposition and quick uptake of nutrients, “seasons” depend on location of ITCZ, most productive land biome

27
Q

Tropical Rainforest Dominant Plants

A

broad-leaved evergreen trees, ferns, large woody vines and climbing plants, orchids and bromeliads

28
Q

Tropical Rainforest Locations

A

Brazil, Congo, Indonesia, Bolivia, Peru, Madagascar

29
Q

Tropical Rainforest Human Impact

A

Deforestation causes loss of habitat, loss of biodiversity, soil erosion, climate change, destruction of indigenous cultures, loss of potential medicines

30
Q

Tropical Rainforest Animals

A

Sloth, Cobra, Chimpanzee, Toucan, Beetles

31
Q

Temperate Seasonal Forest Climate Description

A

Cold to modreate winters, warm summers, year-round precipitation

32
Q

Temperate Seasonal Forest Key Features

A

Fertile soils, rich in organic material from seasonal decomposition of leaves, long growing season, moderately high productivity

33
Q

Temperate Seasonal Forest Dominant Plants

A

Broadleaf deciduous trees, some conifers, flowering shrubs, herbs

34
Q

Temperate Seasonal Forest Locations

A

Indiana, Vermont, Japan, China, Germany, France

35
Q

Temperate Seasonal Forest Human Impact

A

Much land is used for agriculture, development, and industry

36
Q

Temperate Seasonal Forest Animals

A

Bald eagle, Coyote, Black bear, White-tailed deer

37
Q

Woodland/Shrubland Climate Description

A

Hot dry summers, cool moist winters

38
Q

Woodland/Shrubland Key Features

A

Thin nutrient-poor soils because of leaching by winter rains, also called chapparal climate described as Mediterranean, periodic wildfires

39
Q

Woodland/Shrubland Dominant Plants

A

Woody evergreen shrubs with small learhtery leaves, fragrant oil herbs that grow during winter and die in summer

40
Q

Woodland/Shrubland Locations

A

S. California, Nevada, Australia, Spain, Chile, South Africa

41
Q

Woodland/Shrubland Human Impact

A

Human ignited wildfires, vineyards

42
Q

Woodland/Shrubland Animals

A

Bobcat, Jackal, Javelina, Cactus wren, Roadrunner

43
Q

Boreal Forest Climate Description

A

Long cold winters, short mild summers, moderate precipitation, high humidity

44
Q

Boreal Forest Key Features

A

Nutrient-poor and acidic soils because of falling needles, also called taiga, only in northern hemisphere, moderate productivity

45
Q

Boreal Forest Dominant Plants

A

needle-leaf coniferous trees such as spruce and fir, some broadleaf deciduous trees small berry-bearing shrubs

46
Q

Boreal Forest Locations

A

Maine, Minnesota, Mongolia, Russia, Canada, Norway

47
Q

Boreal Forest Human Impact

A

Affected by mining, oil extraction, logging, and hydroelectric development

48
Q

Boreal Forest Animals

A

Canadian lynx, Gray wolf, River otter, Wolverine, Grizzly bear

49
Q

Temperate Rainforest Climate Description

A

Mild temperatures, abundant precipitation during fall winter and spring, relatively cool dry summer

50
Q

Temperate Rainforest Key Features

A

Rocky acidic soils, coastal biome, oceans moderate temperature and provide water vapor for precipitation

51
Q

Temperate Rainforest Dominant Plants

A

Douglas fir, Sitka spruce, western hemlock, redwood, ground layer of mosses and ferns

52
Q

Temperate Rainforest Locations

A

Washington, Oregon, Argentina, Australia, Tasmania, Taiwan

53
Q

Temperate Rainforest Human Impact

A

Logging, mills, and coastal fisheries recreation and tourism

54
Q

Temperate Rainforest Animals

A

Cougar, Elk, Porcupines, Tree frong, and Muskrat

AP Environmental Science (5 decks)

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