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Psych of Gender > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

Sex

A

Distinguished by genes, chromosomes, and hormones

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2
Q

Gender

A

Social categories set apart by psychological features and role attributes

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3
Q

Gender Role

A

Social position accompanied by a set of norms

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4
Q

Intrarole Conflict

A

Expectations with a role conflict each other

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5
Q

Interrole Conflict

A

Expectations of one role conflict with another role’s expectations

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6
Q

Gender Identity

A

Perception of the self

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7
Q

Feminist

A

believe women and men should be treated equally

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8
Q

What do feminists value?

A

Gender equality, then activism

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9
Q

Sexism

A

attitudes of prejudice towards people based on sex

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10
Q

Gender-role sterotype

A

cognitive beliefs about the features of the psychological or biological categories of male and female

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11
Q

Sex discrimination

A

differential treatment towards men and women

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12
Q

Correlation

A

Observing the relationship between two variables

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13
Q

Experiment

A

manipulating one variable and observing the effect on another

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14
Q

Internal validity

A

confidence that the true cause of the effect is being studied

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15
Q

External validity

A

confidence that the results from an experiment generalize to the real world

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16
Q

Construct validity

A

making sure what you’re measuring is what you set out to test

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17
Q

Meta-Analysis

A

Summary of a lot of studies to develop a conclusion

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18
Q

Social Desirability Bias

A

people anwer in a socially acceptable way

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19
Q

Confirmation bias

A

looking for results that fit your thinking

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20
Q

Selection bias

A

bias in how you choose groups

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21
Q

Recent reserach trends

A
  1. Multifaceted constructs of gender
  2. Roles are affected by social context
  3. Shifting the focus to perceiver effects
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22
Q

Gender Role Strain

A

Tension from not fulfilling your assigned gender role “duties”

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23
Q

Social Construct Theory

A

The way men and women act is based on the culture and norms around them

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24
Q

Gender Ideology

A

Attitudes towards gender roles

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25
Tradition Gender Ideology
Men sphere is work and women's sphere is home
26
Egalitarian Gender Ideology
Power is distributed equally, and each identify equally with the same spheres
27
Transitional Gender Ideology
It's okay to identify with the same sphere but women should devote more time with kids and men should work a bit more
28
Discrimination
treat people differently based on differences
29
Hostile Discrimination
feelings of hostility towards women reflected by negative assumptions about them
30
Benevolent Discrimination
underestimating women
31
Stereotype
set of beliefs about a certain group of people
32
Ideology
attitudes of how roles should be shaped
33
Category Based expectancy
assumptions based on characteristics of general categories of which they belong
34
Target-based expectancy
perceptions based on individual info
35
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
when expectations influence behavior towards someone
36
Backlash Effect
the penalty that is imposed on people for counter stereotypical behavior
37
What spatial ability are men good at?
Mental Rotation
38
What spatial ability are women good at?
Object location memory
39
Sex Differences in Math
Female: more negativity, lower self-concepts of ability | Considered male field
40
Sex Differences in Verbal ability
Female: talk earlier, better grammar and writing Male: reading difficulty, stuttering
41
Empathy
feeling the same emotion as another person
42
Sex Differences in Aggression
Male: more likely to be physically aggressive, medium arousal brings more aggression
43
Sex Differences in Sexuality
Male: more partners, more casual sex, masturbation, pornography Female: slightly more same-sex sexual behavior, varied
44
File Drawer Problem
Research doesn't get published because it won't get people's attention
45
Object relations theory
1. importance of early relationships in establishing gender identity 2. Family structure and early social experiences determine sexuality 3. mothers are responsible for the development of distinct gender roles
46
Social Learning Theory
we learn behavior that is modeled and we learned behavior that's reinforced
47
Modeling
tendency for a person to reproduce the actions, attitudes, and emotional responses
48
Reinforcement
the process of encouraging or establishing a belief or pattern of behavior, especially by encouragement or reward.
49
Gender Role Socialization Theory
fundamental assumptions about agents in the environment
50
Parent Agent
Treat genders differently; encourage agentic for males and communal for females
51
Other People Agent
stereotype people we don't know
52
Toy Agent
color, packaging, and type made for a specific gender
53
Book Agent
Damsels in Distress and Knights in Shining Armor
54
TV Agent
Female sexual features exaggerated, traditional roles, female underrepresentation in sports
55
Ad Agent
Market to different genders
56
Social Role Theory
focuses on society and how societal role structure shape behavior across groups of people
57
Cognitive Development Theory
acquisition of gender roles takes place in the head
58
Schema
category that contains info about the features of the category, as well as association with other categories
59
Gender Schematic
using gender category as a guiding principle in behavior
60
Gender Aschematic
doesn't use gender category as a guiding principle
61
3 Determinates of Gendered Behavior
1. Perceiver's expectations 2. target's self-concept 3. situation
62
Cognitive confirmation
we see what we want to see
63
Behavioral confirmation
perceiver's expectations actually alters target's behavior
64
Self-verification
concerns with behaving consistent with self-concepts
65
Self-Preservation
concerns with how our behavior is seen by others
66
Self-Monitoring
the extent one is concerned with self-preservation or self-verification

Psych of Gender (3 decks)

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