Test #1 Flashcards
(121 cards)
It is recommended that the entire history be taken before beginning what?
Physical assessment
Why is the birth history important to chiropractors?
Helps determine the amount of trauma to the spine or cranium during the birthing process
What vital signs are included in a pediatric exam?
Temp Heart rate BP Respiratory rate Weight Length Head circumference
A child’s length is measure until what age?
2yoa (afterwards it’s measured as height)
Head circumference is measure until what age?
2yoa
Rule of thumb for an infant’s heart rate is that it increases by ____ BPM for each ____ deg. of temp Centigrade increase
10; 1
A variable respiratory rate known as what is commonly seen in neonates? (more than a 20 sec pause is always abnormal)
Periodic breathing
Cheyne-Stokes breathing is assoc. w/ what type of abnormalities?
Brainstem abnormalities
Where is the best place to use a thermometer?
Rectal or temporal artery are most accurate (armpits least accurate)
Which fontanel is the largest?
Anterior (4-6cm, closes b/w 4-26months)
Characterized by flattening of the occipital skull on one side
Plagiocephaly
Describes an elongated head w/ flattening of the bones in the temporoparietal regions
Scaphocephaly
Term applied when there is bleeding over the outer surface of a skull bone elevating the periosteum
Cephalhematoma
A localized pitting edema in the scalp that may overlie sutures of the skull, usually formed during labor as a result of circular pressure of the cervix on the fetal occiput
Caput succedaneum
Refers to premature fusion of one or more of the sutures of the cranial bones, & should be considered in any neonate w/ an asymmetric cranium
Craniosynostosis
A term for softening of the skull bones, w/ pressure the skull may be momentarily indented before springing out again. The major clinical significance is w/ congenital rickets. Pressure to skull makes a sound “crack” like a ping-pong ball
Craniotabes
This sign is characterized by a “cracked pot” sound when the cranium is percussed w/ the examining finger.
Macewen’s sign (may be evident until fontanel closure)
A fungal infection of the scalp charac. by a patch of short broken off hairs & the patches of hair loss may be scaly or they may be marked w/ inflammation, bogginess, & pustules called “kerion”
Tinea Capitis
The common term for infantile seborrheic dermatitis, causes scaly patches on a baby’s scalp. Can cause thick crusting & white or yellow scales. Usually resolves on its own w/i a few months.
Cradle cap
Well circumscribed areas of complete or almost complete hair loss, the scalp is smooth w/o signs of inflammation. Hair loss usually begins suddenly, & total loss of scalp & body hair may develop
Alopecia Areata
Squint, lazy eye, turned eye is called what?
Strabismus
Cheesy white covering after birth
Vernix
Soft hair; “peach fuzz”
Lanugo
Yellowing of sclera, “glowing of skin”
Jaundice