Test 1

Question 1

Computer Architecture

Answer 1

set of disciplines that describes a computer system by specifying its parts
and their relations

Question 2

CPU

Answer 2

The circuitry in a computer that controls the manipulation of data is called the central processing
unit.

Question 3

Bus

Answer 3

The bus is the electronic connection that connects all the devices on the computer to the CPU and
each other.

Question 4

Main Memory

Answer 4

Main Memory is the high speed memory associated with the CPU (but not included in
the CPU) that stores computer programs for execution.

Question 5

Machine Language instruction

Answer 5

consists of an instruction code followed by an address or addresses.

Question 6

compiler

Answer 6

Coverts higher level language of instructions to machine code

Question 7

Clock

Answer 7

circuitry in the control unit that provides for coordinates instruction execution

Question 8

FIRMWARE

Answer 8

instructions stored in read only memory in devices to speed operations

Question 9

Machine cycle

Answer 9

Fetch, Decode and Execute

Question 10

Program Counter

Answer 10

internal counter that keeps up with the address of the next instruction to be decoded
for execution.

Question 11

Instruction Register

Answer 11

used to hold the instruction being decoded during execution.

Question 12

motherboard

Answer 12

a large circuit board that holds computer components. (extend with daughter boards and also called main board)

Question 13

Bits

Answer 13

Binary digits (Information is encoded in 1s and 0s)

Question 14

George Boole

Answer 14

-Father of logic

-Created Boolean Operations that manipulates true/false values

Question 15

Herman Hollerith

Answer 15

-Mechanical Engineering teacher (MIT)

-Created an electrical tabulation system

-First computer

Question 16

Herman Hollerith (1860 – 1929)

Answer 16

Applied the concept of representing information as holes in
paper cards to speed up the tabulation process in the 1890 US census.

Question 17

During WWI (1940s)

Answer 17

they were used by the military for firing calculations.

Question 18

What were early computers?

Answer 18

Merely electronic calculators

Question 19

1945

Answer 19

John von Neumann develops the definition of modern computer architecture.

Question 20

1947

Answer 20

Bell Labs develops the first transistor

Question 21

1954

Answer 21

the first commercial, non government computer is delivered to the GE plant in Louisville Ky

Question 22

1956

Answer 22

Grace Hopper develops the first compiler (COBOL)

Question 23

1960

Answer 23

Transistors replace vacuum tubes for computer storage

Question 24

1965

Answer 24

integrated circuits are applied to technology

Question 25

1966

Answer 25

Texas Instrument delivers the first hand held calculator. (Cost $450)

Question 26

1975

Answer 26

First microcomputer (MIT’s Altair) commercially produced and marketed.

Question 27

1977

Answer 27

Apple II introduced

Question 28

1981

Answer 28

IBM PC introduced

Question 29

1984

Answer 29

Apple Macintosh introduced

Question 30

1992

Answer 30

AT&T’s video phone released

Question 31

Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU)

Answer 31

performs addition and subtraction on data

Question 32

Control Unit

Answer 32

coordinates the machines activities

Question 33

Register Unit

Answer 33

contains data storage cells called registers

Question 34

Stored Program Concept

Answer 34

idea of storing programs in the main memory

Question 35

Machine Language Instruction

Answer 35

consists of an instruction code followed by an address or addresses

Question 36

Labels used to identify numeric data

Answer 36

-Must be less than 12 characters, begin with character, no spaces, no special characters -X -Priceofgas -Test1 -Xys23m -Value

Question 37

Labels used to identify character strings

Answer 37

-valid labels must be less than 12 characters, end in “$” and not contain blanks or symbols. -A$ -Answer$ -Size$ -Name$

Question 38

How do you label it into the computer

Answer 38

Use an INPUT statement -INPUT Size$

Question 39

Special Characters

Answer 39

allows you to create a character string

Question 40

Comment Command

Answer 40

allow the programmer to document the program.

Question 41

END command

Answer 41

Should always be at the end of your program and signals the compiler that this is the last instruction executed.

Question 42

CLS

Answer 42

clear screen

Question 43

Print

Answer 43

displays on screen

Question 44

Input

Answer 44

gets information from keyboard

Question 45

IF...THEN...ELSE

Answer 45

Allows us to test a condition and if the condition is true execute the instruction after the THEN or if the conditions is not true execute the instruction after the ELSE

Question 46

FOR...NEXT

Answer 46

A command that allows us to perform an iterative operation. Our first paired command

Question 47

$

Answer 47

When used at the end of a label indicates a label identifying a character string

Question 48

:

Answer 48

Allows us to put two commands on the same line

Question 49

DIM

Answer 49

Tells the compiler to save space for an array

Question 50

INT

Answer 50

returns the integer part of the value

Question 51

RND

Answer 51

Command that returns a random number inthe range of >=0 and <1

Question 52

RANDOMIZE

Answer 52

command provides the seed that is used by the algorithm to generate the randomness

Question 53

TIMER

Answer 53

command returns the number of seconds of elapsed time since midnight on the computers internal clock

Question 54

John von nuemann

Answer 54

describes architecture of the computer

Question 55

Arithmetic/logic unit (ALU)

Answer 55

performs operations on data such as addition and subtraction.

Question 56

Control Unit

Answer 56

contains the circuitry for coordinating the machine’s activities.

Question 57

Register Unit

Answer 57

contains data storage cells called registers.

Question 58

Stored program concept

Answer 58

The idea of storing programs in main memory

Question 59

Branch

Answer 59

GOTO

Question 60

Arithmetic

Answer 60

(x+Y)

Question 61

Read

Answer 61

input

Question 62

Write

Answer 62

print

Question 63

conditional

Answer 63

if then

Question 64

Iterative operations

Answer 64

(Print I/ Next I)

Question 65

Paired Commands

Answer 65

FOR….NEXT

Question 66

Conditional operation

Answer 66

If answer =y then goto

Question 67

Assignment statements

Answer 67

A = something

Question 68

Array storage

Answer 68

DIM sets aside space