Test 1 Flashcards
(90 cards)
1
Q
What is community health?
A
Care outside the acute setting such as work, schools, homes, etc.
2
Q
Community health focuses on
A
Specific communities or individuals who share important features in their life
3
Q
What is public health
A
The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through the organized efforts of society
4
Q
community-oriented focuses on
A
-focus on aggregates (overall)
5
Q
community-based focuses on
A
-focus on the individuals and their families
6
Q
community-oriented goal
A
goal of health promotion and disease prevention
7
Q
community-based goal
A
managing acute and chronic conditions
8
Q
what kind of care does community-oriented focus on
A
mostly indirect but sometimes direct care
9
Q
what kind of care does community-based focus on
A
direct care
10
Q
what is a community
A
a group of individuals who have common interests which forms a sense of unity
11
Q
types of communities
A
geographic, common interest, solution
12
Q
what is population
A
individuals occupying an area or share interests
13
Q
true or false:
populations and communities are terms that can be used interchangeably?
A
False:
communities interact; populations may not interact
14
Q
what is the mission of Healthy People 2030
A
to promote, strengthen, and evaluate the nations efforts to improve the health and wellbeing of people
15
Q
2 components of community nursing
A
promotion and prevention
16
Q
levels of prevention
A
primary
secondary
tertiary
17
Q
primary prevention
A
keep disease or illness from occurring
18
Q
secondary prevention
A
recognize symptoms and detect early; screenings
19
Q
tertiary prevention
A
minimize the negative impact and progression of illness
20
Q
Which of the following are ex of secondary prevention (select all that apply)
A. HTN screening
B. Referring a newly identified diabetic to a diabetic clinic
C. Immunizations
D. TB skin tests
E. Removing rugs for fall risk pts
F. Providing therapy for individuals suffering from depression
A
HTN screening
Referring a newly identified diabetic to a diabetic clinic
TB skin tests
21
Q
Community health nursing characteristics
A
population focused
greatest good for greatest number
primary prevention focus
22
Q
Core public health functions:
assessment
A
collecting data
23
Q
Core public health functions:
policy development
A
use of assessment date to develop a policy (informing and educating)
24
Q
Core public health functions:
assurance
A
Was the goal achieved? Are necessary services available?
25
True or false:
The assessment function of public health involves informing clients and communites?
false
26
clinician
care provider
27
educator
health teacher, nursing instructor, clinical supervisor, nurse
28
advocate
plead for client's cause
29
manager
administrative; plan, organize, lead
30
collaborator
joint working with others
31
leadership
help lead
32
researcher
systematic investigation, analyze date for solving problems
33
Roles of beginning professional nursing practice were grouped into broad roles that include care of which of the following (select all that apply)
A. Provider
B. Designer
C. Manager
D. Coordinator
E. Reimbuser
Provider
Designer
Manager
Coordinator
They all provide for care and are a member of a profession
34
True or false:
A nurse is advocating would help assist clients with navigating the health care system
true
35
settings for CHN practice
homes
ambulatory service (same day surgery)
schools
occupational health
36
True or false:
is a halfway house an example of the home as a setting for community health nursing
false a halfway house would be considered a residential institution setting
37
name the 3 core public health functions
assessment
policy development
assurence
38
stages of community health nursing
early home care (before mid-1800s)
district nursing (mid-1800s to 1900)
public health nursing (1900 to 1970)
community health nursing (1970 to now)
39
early home care nursing (before mid-1800s) began in
began in churches and charitable organizations
40
early home care nursing (before mid-1800s) leaders
Florence Nightingale and Mary Seacole
41
Florence Nightingale is credited with
-developing the secular profession of nursing
-recognizing the need for clean air and water, efficient drainage, cleanliness, and lighting.
42
Florence Nightingale established the first
non-religious school of nursing
43
District nursing (Mid-1800's-1900) began in ______ and started with _______
District nursing began in England and started with Mary Robinson
44
Who was the U.S.'s first community health nurse
Frances Root
45
District nursing focused on
Education on hygiene, cleanliness, diet, healthful living, and reporting vitals back to the Dr.
46
Who started the Henry Street Settlement?
Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster
47
Public health nursing (1900-1970) focus on
the health of the general public
48
The first school nurse began in
NYC
49
Who demonstrated effectiveness of school nursing
Lillian Wald
50
Who initiated services with Metropolitan Life Insurance to provide services to policy holders and reduce death rates
Lillian Wald
51
What did Lillian Wald contribute to the establishment of (x2)
NYC Bureau of Child Hygiene
National Organization of Public Health Nursing (NOPHN)
52
Community Health Nursing (1970-Present) experienced growth where
Growth of nursing in community settings like Dr. offices, mental health services, senior citizen centers, work sites, and schools
53
True or false:
Mary Robinson was the first U.S. Community Health Nurse
False; Francis Root was the first Community Health Nurse
Mary Robinson was in England
54
True or false:
Florence Nightingale was the first person to use the term "public health nursing"
False; it was Lillian Wald
55
Which of the following is true regarding the district nursing stage of community health? (select all that apply)
A. The focus was on the sick poor
B. District nurses provided education on hygiene and cleanliness
C. District nurses were based out of religious organizations
D. Mary Seacole was a nursing leader during this time period
E. Lillian Wald was a nursing leader during this time period
A and B
56
Health promotion is a focus of ______
Community health
57
A. Early home care (Before to mid-1800's)
B. District Nursing (Mid 1800's to 1900's)
C. Public Health Nursing (1900 to 1970)
D. Community Health Nursing (1970 to present)
Focus on sick-poor
Early home care and District nursing
58
A. Early home care (Before to mid-1800's)
B. District Nursing (Mid 1800's to 1900's)
C. Public Health Nursing (1900 to 1970)
D. Community Health Nursing (1970 to present)
Mary Seacole
Early home care
59
A. Early home care (Before to mid-1800's)
B. District Nursing (Mid 1800's to 1900's)
C. Public Health Nursing (1900 to 1970)
D. Community Health Nursing (1970 to present)
Emergence of term "Community Health Nursing"
Community Health Nursing
60
A. Early home care (Before to mid-1800's)
B. District Nursing (Mid 1800's to 1900's)
C. Public Health Nursing (1900 to 1970)
D. Community Health Nursing (1970 to present)
Henry Street Settlement
Public health
61
A. Early home care (Before to mid-1800's)
B. District Nursing (Mid 1800's to 1900's)
C. Public Health Nursing (1900 to 1970)
D. Community Health Nursing (1970 to present)
Frances Root
District nursing
62
A. Early home care (Before to mid-1800's)
B. District Nursing (Mid 1800's to 1900's)
C. Public Health Nursing (1900 to 1970)
D. Community Health Nursing (1970 to present)
Mary Robinson
District nursing
63
A. Early home care (Before to mid-1800's)
B. District Nursing (Mid 1800's to 1900's)
C. Public Health Nursing (1900 to 1970)
D. Community Health Nursing (1970 to present)
Frontier Nursing Service
Public health
64
A. Early home care (Before to mid-1800's)
B. District Nursing (Mid 1800's to 1900's)
C. Public Health Nursing (1900 to 1970)
D. Community Health Nursing (1970 to present)
Religious Base
Early nursing
65
A. Early home care (Before to mid-1800's)
B. District Nursing (Mid 1800's to 1900's)
C. Public Health Nursing (1900 to 1970)
D. Community Health Nursing (1970 to present)
Emphasis on health promotion
Community heath nursing
66
A. Early home care (Before to mid-1800's)
B. District Nursing (Mid 1800's to 1900's)
C. Public Health Nursing (1900 to 1970)
D. Community Health Nursing (1970 to present)
First school nurse in NY
Public health
67
culture definition
beliefs, values, and behavior shared by members of society
it provides a set of norms and values that offer stability
68
race definition
biologically designated groups of people whose distinguishing features such as skin color are inherited
ask yourself if this client is at a higher risk for disease based on their race
69
ethnic group definition
collection of people who have common origins, shared culture and identity
ex: may share common geographic origin, race, language, religion, traditions, values, and food preferences
70
True or false:
Race and ethnicity are interchangeable
false; race is biological and ethnicity is cultural qualities
71
cultural diversity aka
cultural plurality which means that a variety of cultural patterns can coexist in one geographic area
72
Ethnocentrism definition
bias that person's own culture is best and others are wrong or inferior
73
Why is ethnocentrism a problem in healthcare
It can effect care because they might not accept the care they need
74
Cultural sensitivity continuum
ETHNOCENTRISM->Refusal -> Resistance -> Neutrality-> Adjustment->Incorporation-> ETHNORELATIVISM
75
Culture is (x5)
1. Learned from others
2. Integrated systems of customs and traits
3. Shared
4. Mostly tacit
5. Dynamic
76
Ethnocultural health practices
World community (biomedical view, magic religious view, holistic view, folk medicine and home remedies, herbalism, prescription/over the counter drugs)
77
Diet therapies
Cancer diets, juice diets, fasting
78
Gastrointestinal treatments
Coffee enemas, high colonic enemas
79
Balance and exercise activities
tai chi, yoga
80
Sensory exposure
Aromatherapy, music therapy, light therapy
81
Therapeutic manipulation
Acupunctiure, acupressure, refexology
82
Which would characterize a culture?
A. Inherited
B. Static
C. Individualized
D. Tacit
Tacit
83
Role of the community health nurse sequence
1. Preparation
2. Cultural self awareness
3. Sensitivity
4. Assessment of culture
5. Teaching (culturally appropriate such as right language)
84
Cultural Assessment questions you can ask your patient
Ethnic/racial background
Language and communications
Cultural values and norms
Biocultural factors
Religious beliefs
Health beliefs and practices
85
Native Americans and Eskimo communities are more likely to develop what diseases
SIDS
Diabetes
TB
Obesity
Alcoholism
86
African Americans are more likely to develop what diseases
Cardiovascular disease
Stroke
Cancer
Diabetes
Malnutrition
87
Asian Americans are more likely to develop what diseases
Malnutrition
TB
Mental health
Respiratory infections
Arthritis
Cardiovascular disease and stroke
88
Hispanic Americans are more likely to develop what diseases
Heart disease
Hypertension
Diabetes
Obesity
Asthma
COPD
Suicide
89
Arab populations are more likely to develop what diseases
Tobacco use--oral cancer
Maternal-child health
TB
Malaria
Poor nutritional practices--obesity
90
True or false:
The first step that a nurse does when applying transcultural nursing principles is to cultivate cultural sensitivity
False; The nurse first develops cultural self-awareness and then cultivates cultural sensitivity
