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EMT 106 > test 1 > Flashcards

test 1 Flashcards

(87 cards)

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1
Q

Abandonment

A

Failure to transfer patient to competent professional

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2
Q

Assault

A

Willful threat to inflict harm on patient

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3
Q

Battery

A

act of touching a patient unlawfully without consent

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4
Q

Negligence

A

EMT breaches their duty to act or deviated from standard of care

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5
Q

Good Samaritan Laws

A

Protects a person who is not being paid for their services for liability for acts performed in good faith unless those act constitute gross negligence

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5
Q

Duty to Act

A

legal obligation to provide service while on duty

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6
Q

Scope Of Practice

A

actions and care that EMT’s are legally allowed to perform

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7
Q

Informed/ Expressed Consent

A

Conscious, rational patient that consents to treatment

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8
Q

Implied Consent

A

patient that is unresponsive, disoriented, or and ill/injured minor would consent to care if conscious and rational

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9
Q

Involuntary Consent

A

cannot refuse care, mentally incompetent adult or person in custody

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10
Q

DNR

A

must be signed by patient and physician and presented

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11
Q

Emancipated Minor

A

married, pregnant/ parent, armed forces, financially independent, emancipated by court

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12
Q

Against Medical Advise (AMA)

A

patient that is competent to refuse care (ex: person, place, time, and event)

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13
Q

5150

A

Only physician and law enforcement can put a patient on hold. Person is danger to themselves/ others and or is gravely disabled

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14
Q

Superior Inferior Vena Cava

A

How blood from the body enters the heart

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15
Q

Right atrium

A

Upper section of the heart that receives deoxygenated blood

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16
Q

Tricuspid Valve

A

Blood from the right atrium passes through to reach the right ventricle

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17
Q

Right venticle

A

Lower half of the heart

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18
Q

Pulmonic valve

A

Opening to the pulmonary artery

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19
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

Pushes deoxygenated blood to the lungs

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20
Q

Lungs (aveoli)

A

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs

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21
Q

Pulmonary vein

A

Direct the newly oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs

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22
Q

left artium

A

Receives the oxygenated blood from the lungs

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23
Q

bicuspid valve

A

Connects the left atrium to the left ventricle, allows the blood to flow from atrium to ventricle

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24
left ventricle
Strongest section of the heart. Pushes oxygenated blood to the whole body
25
Aortic valve
Opening to the aorta
26
Aorta
Main artery of the body
27
Arteries
Carries blood away from the heart
28
arterioles
Small kind of arteries, carry blood from arteries into the capillaries. Arteries get smaller further away from the heart
29
capillaries
Where the exchange of nutrients, gasses, and waste occurs. Connects arterioles to venules (small blood vessels)
30
venules
Smallest branch of veins, distal end of capillaries
31
veins
Carry blood back to the heart
32
coronary arteries
Supply the heart with blood
33
diastole
Heart muscles are relaxed, allowing for it to fill with blood
34
systole
Heart muscles contracts/ pumps, forcing the blood out
35
PENMANN
Personal/ personnel safety Environment Number of patients Mechanism of injury/ nature of Illness Additional resources Need for extrication Need for c-spine
36
SMNAS
Scene size up Mechanism of injury Number of patients Additional resources Spinal precautions
37
OPQRST
Onset Provocation Quality Radiation, Reoccurrence, region, relief
38
SAMPLE
Signs/ Symptoms Allergies Medications Past medical history Last oral intake Events leading up
39
BRIM
Breathing Response Eyes Motor
40
When to use BRIM?
Altered level of consciousness Breathing Response Eyes Movement
41
PREBELS
Pulse (rate: regular/ irregular, ; strength: strong/weak) Respirations (full/ shallow; effective/ ?) Blood pressure Eyes Lung sounds (rhonchi, crackles, clear, wheezing) Skin signs (color, temp, moisture)
42
Nose/ mouth
Bring in air to the body
43
nasopharynx
Upper part of the pharynx, where air passes through
43
oropharynx
Part of the pharynx thats lies between the palate and hyoid bone
44
hypopharynx
Bottom part of pharynx. Starts behind the nose and ends at the trachea
45
epigolttis
Flexible cartilage that forms a flap that protects the glottic opening from food or liquids
46
glottic opening
space between the true vocal cords
47
trachea
Windpipe, made of smooth muscle and dense connective tissue and is reinforced with cartilage rings to maintain tube shape
48
carina
Mucus membrane in the trachea and larynx, triggers cough reflex to prevent chocking
49
Bronchi
Distal end of the trachea, branches into two main tubes
50
Bronchioles
Smaller branches of bronchi lined with smooth muscle to constrict and dilate
51
alveoli
At the end of bronchioles are tiny air sacs and capillaries
52
Internal respiration
Transfer of gas between blood and tissue
53
External respiration
Gas exchange between air and blood lungs alveoli
54
How to prove negligence?
duty to act, duty to act was breached, patient suffered and injury, injury is related to breach of duty to act
55
Skeletal muscle
Striated muscle, voluntary, attached by tendons
56
Smooth muscle
Non- straited muscle, involuntary, found in organs (respiratory tract, blood vessels, intestinal walls)
57
Cardiac muscle
Specialized involuntary muscle only found in the heart, only muscle with automaticity (produce an impulse), has its own blood supply
58
What are signs/ symptoms of inadequate breathing
Tripod, accessory muscle use, retraction, nasal flaring, agitation, altered level of consciousness, cyanosis, tachypnea, apnea, dyspnea
59
What is the function of the integumentary system?
It is the largest body system. It protects the body, regulates temp
60
How many layers to the skin?
Three layers. Epidermis: outer most layer Dermis: much thicker layer it is rich in blood, contains hair follicles, sweat glands, oil glands, and sensory nerves Subcutaneous layer: fatty tissue that varies in thickness
61
What are the components of blood?
Red blood cells (Carry nutrients/ dispose of waste) White blood cells (Kill foreign organisms) Platelets (Create blood clots) Plasma (liquid part of blood)
62
What is the Central Nervous system?
Made of the brain and spinal cord. The control center of the nervous system
63
What is the Peripheral Nervous system?
Part of the nervous system that is outside of the brain and spinal cord. Carry sensory information to the brain and spinal cord
64
What is the voluntary nervous system responsible for?
Controls skeletal muscles/ movement, you think about these movements
65
What is the autonomic nervous system responsible for?
Influences the activities of the smooth muscles
66
What is in the RUQ?
Liver (S) Part of pancreas (S) Gallbladder (H)
67
What is in the LUQ?
Stomach (H) Most of pancreas (S) Spleen (S) Part of the liver (S)
68
What is in the RLQ?
Appendix Intestines
69
What is in the LLQ?
Intestines
70
Auscultate
To listen
71
Palpate
To feel
72
What is the function of the skeletal system?
Provides framework to the body and protects vital organs
73
What are the components of the skeletal system?
Frame work of the body. Consist of bones and connective tissues (cartilage, tendons, and ligaments)
74
Signs/ symptoms that you are providing adequate ventilations?
Improvement in skins, return of heart rate to normal range, ventilating at proper rate for patient
75
Signs/ symptoms that you are providing inadequate ventilations?
No improvement in skins and heart rate, abnormal movement, and irregular breath pattern
76
Cerebellum
"small brain" posterior and inferior parts of the cranium, coordinates muscle activity and balance through the eyes and ears
77
Cerebrum
Outer portion of the brain, takes up most of the cranium cavity. Controls sensation, thought, speech, and associative memory. Also controls the movements that are conscious control
78
Perfusion
Delivery of oxygen, glucose, and nutrients to tissue, and the elimination of waste
79
Alpha 1
Constricts blood vessels
80
Alpha 2
Regulates Alpha 1 effects
81
Beta 1
Increases heart rate, force, and automaticity
82
Beta 2
Dilates smooth muscle
83
Spinal column
Cervical (7) Thoracic (12) Lumbar (5) Sacrum (5) Coccyx (4)
84
AED shockable rhythms
Ventricular fibrillation (v-fib) Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pulseless v-tach)
85
Coronary arteries receive blood from?
Diastole

EMT 106 (18 decks)

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