Test 1

Question 1

Conformity

Answer 1

The tendency to agree and conform with a group of people to avoid discomfort, despite believing in a different response.

Question 1

Solomon Asch Line Study

Answer 1

Presented subjects with different lengths of lines
- had confederates answer incorrectly to determine if true subject would conform to the will of the group

Question 2

Chameleon Effect

Answer 2

We adjust and change our behavior, posture, and manner of speaking to fit into different situations in our world

Question 3

Confederate

Answer 3

Subjects of the study that have a pre-planned way of behaving in the study

Question 4

Normative social influence (type of conformity)

Answer 4

conforming to trends to avoid rejection or to gain social approval

Question 4

Informational social influence (type of conformity)

Answer 4

an individual does what others do because you think other people have more information than you

Question 4

Zimbardo Prison Study

Answer 4

a two-week simulation of a prison environment that examined the effects of situational variables on participants’ reactions and behaviors

Question 5

Learned Helplessness (Martin Seligman)

Answer 5

when a person is unable to find resolutions to difficult situations

Question 6

Cognitive Dissonance (Leon Festinger)

Answer 6

When someone is forced to do (publicly) something they (privately) really don’t want to do.

Question 7

Obedience to authority (Stanley Milgram)

Answer 7

Shock chair experiment found that 60% of of men aged 20-50 complied with commands from administrators even though the commands brought harm to other participants.

Question 8

Conformity

Answer 8

compliance with standards, rules, or laws

Question 9

Obedience

Answer 9

compliance with an order, request, or law or submission to another’s authority

Question 10

Social Facilitation

Answer 10

Improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of other.

Question 11

Groupthink

Answer 11

mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in decision-making overrides realistic alternatives

Question 11

Social Striving

Answer 11

Work hard as a member of a team than alone

Question 11

Social Inhibition/Imparement

Answer 11

Lowering a performance on a given task in the presence of others,usually a task that has not been well practiced

Question 11

Social Loafing

Answer 11

The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their effort toward training a common goal than when individually accountable

Question 11

Deindividuation

Answer 11

the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situations

Question 12

Group polarization

Answer 12

the enhancement of a group’s prevailing attitudes through discussion between the groups. The group moves to a more extreme position

Question 12

Bystander effect

Answer 12

the lack of help to others in emergency situations because they think others are present and will presumably be the ones to help

Question 13

Attribution theory

Answer 13

the theory that we explain someone’s behavior by crediting either the situation or the person’s reoccurent behaviors

Question 14

Altruism

Answer 14

an unselfish concern for another’s welfare

Question 15

Central route to persuasion

Answer 15

occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts

Question 16

Collectivism

Answer 16

giving priority to the goals of one’s group (often one’s extended family or work group) and defining one’s identity accordingly

Question 17

Compassionate love

Answer 17

the deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined

Question 18

Diffusion of responsibility

Answer 18

When we are in large groups we are less likely to help people in need than when we are alone

Question 19

discrimination

Answer 19

unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members

Question 20

dispositional/internal attribution

Answer 20

The belief that one's behavior is due to long-lasting personality traits rather than the current environment

Question 21

Door in the face

Answer 21

the tendency for people who agree to a small request to comply with a larger one

Question 22

ethnocentrism

Answer 22

the thought that one's own culture is the center of the world and somehow superior to others

Question 23

fundamental attribution error

Answer 23

The tendency for observers when analyzing another's behavior to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition

Question 24

Foot in the door technique

Answer 24

the tendency for people who agree to a small request to comply with a larger one

Question 25

Halo effect

Answer 25

the assumption that an individual with one positive characteristic will have other positive characteristics.

Question 26

individualism

Answer 26

Individualists give relatively greater priority to personal goals and define their identity mostly in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications

Question 27

ingroup bias

Answer 27

the tendency to favor our own group

Question 28

Just world phenomenon

Answer 28

People get what they deserve and deserve what they get (good karma bad karma)

Question 29

compliance

Answer 29

when an individual changes his or her behavior in response to an explicit or implicit request made by another person

Question 30

Mere exposure effect

Answer 30

the more one is exposed to something, the more they will like it

Question 31

prejudice

Answer 31

an unjustifiable and usually negative attitude toward a group and its members

Question 32

Peripheral route to persuasion

Answer 32

Individuals who need to make a decision take into account random and unimportant factors in order to arrive at a decision (celebrity model)

Question 33

Reciprocity norm

Answer 33

when people do nice things for you. You feel like you owe them something in return

Question 34

norm

Answer 34

an understood rule for accepted and expected behavior; norms prescribe "proper" behavior

Question 35

stereotype threat

Answer 35

the risk of confirming negative stereotypes about an individual's racial, ethnic, gender, or cultural group

Question 36

social identity theory

Answer 36

a person's sense of who they are based on their group membership (alt kid)

Question 37

groupthink

Answer 37

mode of thinking that occurs when desire for harmony in decision making overrides realistic alternatives

Question 38

scapegoat theory

Answer 38

the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame

Question 39

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 39

process through which an originally false expectations leads to its own confirmation

Question 40

Aggression

Answer 40

any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy

Question 41

Self-serving bias

Answer 41

People are more likely to take credit for their success and blame others for their failures

Question 42

Situational/External attribution

Answer 42

A belief that an individual's behavior is based on events in the environment rather than long-lasting personality characteristics

Question 43

social psychology

Answer 43

branch of psychology that deals with social interacts, their origins, and their effects.

Question 44

stereotype

Answer 44

a generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people

Question 45

social dilemma

Answer 45

a situation in which all individuals would be better off cooperating but fail to do so because of conflicting interests between individuals that discourage joint actions

Question 46

contact theory

Answer 46

the idea that stereotypes and prejudice towards a group will diminish as contact with the group increases

Question 47

subordinate goals

Answer 47

shared goals that override differences among people and necessitate cooperation (beer add)

Question 48

Implicit associations

Answer 48

Implicit prejudice is made by an individual's unconscious state of mind

Question 49

low ball effect

Answer 49

secure an agreement to purchase an item and then hidden costs are added to the item

Question 50

Framing effect

Answer 50

how a question or request is phrased impacts the result of the receiver

Question 51

sleeper effect

Answer 51

when a desired resource is limited it creates a sense of urgency and desire to acquire what others cannot

Question 52

social exchange theory

Answer 52

the theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize the benefits and minimize costs to ourselves.

Question 53

self-effacing bias

Answer 53

when we attribute credit to people or events other than oneself when explaining success. More likely to occur in collectivist cultures. "It had nothing to do with me, it was my team"

Question 54

false consensus effect

Answer 54

the tendency to overestimate the degree to which other people will agree with you, think like you, and behave like you.

Question 55

actor-observer effect

Answer 55

the tendency to attribute the behavior of others to internal causes, while attributing our own behavior to external causes.

Question 56

confirmation biased

Question 57

hindsight bias

Answer 57

the tendency people have to assume that they know the outcome of an event after the outcome has already been determined

Question 58

racism