Test 1 Flashcards
(27 cards)
City State
an independent, self-governing city
Campanile
a bell tower of a church, usually, but not always, freestanding
classical
lowercase classical refers more generally to Greco-Roman art and culture
Maniera greca
'’Greek manner” in Italian, it was the Italo-Byzantine painting style of the 13th century
Tempera
a technique of painting using pigments mixed with egg yolk, glue or casein
Foreshortening
the use of perspective to represent the apparent contraction of an object that extends back in space
Fresco (true)
painting on wet lime plaster, where the pigments are mixed with water and bond to the plaster
Linear perspective
where all receding lines in a composition converge on one or two vanishing points located on the horizon line, and the associated objects are rendered smaller the farther they are from the viewer
Contrapposto
a counterpositioning of the body around its central axis, a shift of weight
Chiaroscuro
in drawing or painting, the treatment and use of light and dark, especially the gradations of light that produce the effect of modeling
Sfumato
Italian for “smoky”, it is a smokelike haziness that subtly softens outlines in painting
Pieta
a painted or sculpted representation of the Virgin Mary mourning over the body of the dead Christ
Oil painting
a painting technique using oil-based pigments that rose to prominence in Northern Europe in the 15th Centure
Engraving
intaglio printing technique, in which designs are incised on a hard material, often a metal plate. Incised lines take the ink, a reverse of relief printing
Book of Hours
a Christian religious book for private devotion containing prayers to be read at specific times of the day
Porcelain
a ceramic made by heating material, generally kaolin, in a kiln, involving vitrification
Mughal
meaning “descended from the Mongols”, these Muslim leaders ruled India from the late 16th to 19th century
Miniatures
small individual Indian paintings intended to be held in the hand and viewed by one or two individuals at one time
Lost wax casting
bronze-casting method where a figure is molded in wax and covered with clay, the whole thing is fired, melting the clay and creating a mold
Oba
African sacred king
Hierarchy of scale
an artistic convention in which greater size indicates greater importance
Superimposition
in Mesoamerican architecture, the erection of a new structure on top of, and incorporating, an earlier structure
Ashlar masonry
carefully cut and regularly shaped blocks of stone used in construction, fitted together without mortar
Iconoclasm
the destruction of religious or sacred images, the destroyers are known as iconoclasts
